Abstract
Establishment of DGPS networks and applying of measurement domain methods enables the users to have precise DGPS surveying and navigation. In this research five permanent GPS stations in Alborz GPS network in north of Iran, have been selected to simulate practical realization of these methods. Results show the current measurement domain methods face to reduction of efficiency and accuracy level with increasing of the height differences in mountainous regions, but modification of some models and strategies overcome undesired influences of height differences. In code observation domain the introduced modified interpolation methods by incorporation of geodetic height, show the most efficiency, while in carrier phase observation domain, fitting of bi-linear surface results the best accuracy level requiring for ionosphere free combinations.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chen HY (2000) An instantaneous ambiguity resolution procedure suitable for medium-scale GPS reference station networks. In: 13th int tech meeting of the Satellite Division of the US Institute of Navigation, Salt Lake City, Utah, 19–22 September, pp 1061–1070
Chen W, Cahit T, Bingley R, Ashkenazi V (1999) Velocity field estimation of geodetic network using modified Kalman filters. In: IUGG general assembly, July 1999
Dai L, Han S, Wang J, Rizos C (2001) A study of GPS/Glonass multiple reference station techniques for precise real-time carrier phase-based positioning. In: 14th int tech meeting of the Satellite Division of the US Inst of Navigation. Salt Lake City, Utah, 11–14 September, pp 392–403
Dai L, Han S, Wang J, Rizos C (2003) Comparison of interpolation algorithms in network-based GPS techniques. J Inst Navig 50(4):277–293
Gao Y, Li Z (1998) Ionosphere effect and modeling of regional are differential GPS network. In: Proceedings of the 11th Int. tech meeting of the satellite division of the US Institute of Navigation. Nashville, Tennessee, 15–18 September, pp 91–97
Han S, Rizos C (1996) GPS network design and error mitigation for real-time continuous array monitoring systems. In: Proc. 9th int tech meeting of the Satellite Division of the US Inst of Navigation GPS ION ’96. Kansas City, Missouri, 17–20 September, pp 1827–1836
Hofmann-Wellenhof B, Lichtenegger H, Collins J (1992) Global positioning system: theory and practice. Springer, New York
Leick A (2004) GPS satellite surveying, 3rd edn. Wiley, Hoboken
Oh KR, Kim JC, Nam GW (2005) Development of navigation algorithm to improve position accuracy by using multi-DGPS reference stations’ PRC information. J Glob Position Syst
Shaer S (1999) Mapping and predicting the Earth’s ionosphere using the global positioning system. Ph Ddissertation. Astronomical Institute, University of Berne, Switzerland
Seeber G (2000) Real-time satellite positioning on the centimeter level in the 21st century using permanent reference stations. In: Nordic geodetic Summer school, Fevik, Norway
Seeber G (2003) Satellite geodesy: foundations, methods and applications. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin
Tominago T, Gomi Y, Kubo N, Yasuda A (2005) The ionospheric effect on ambiguity resolution in network RTK. In: Proceeding of WSANE, Daejeon
Vollath U, Buecherl A, Landau H, Pagels C (2000) Wagner, multibase RTK positioning using virtual reference stations. In: Proceedings of the ION GPS, Salt Lake City, UT, 19–22, pp 123–131
Wanninger L (1999) The performance of virtual reference stations in active geodetic GPS-networks under solar maximum conditions. In: 12th int. tech. meeting of the satellite div. of the US Institute of Navigation, Nashville, Tennessee, 14–17 September, pp 1419–1427
Wübbena G, Bagge A, Seeber G, Böder V, Hankemeier P (1996) Reducing distance dependent errors for real-time precise DGPS applications by establishing reference station networks. In: Proc ION GPS-96, pp 1845–1852
Wübbena G, Bagge A, Schmitz M (2001) RTK networks based on Geo++® GNSMART—concepts, implementation, results. Presented at the international technical meeting, ION GPS-01, Salt Lake City, Utah
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nejat, D., Kiamehr, R. An investigation on accuracy of DGPS network-based positioning in mountainous regions, a case study in Alborz network. Acta Geod Geophys 48, 39–51 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40328-012-0003-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40328-012-0003-3