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Forward parameter optimization design for actuator of electromechanical continuously variable transmission

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Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

An electromechanical continuously variable transmission (EMCVT) with an actuator containing two direct current (DC) motors is proposed to improve the transmission efficiency of a continuously variable transmission (CVT) by reducing the power consumed by the CVT actuator. To enhance the EMCVT efficiency, the ratio and driven pulley clamping force are adjusted using an electromechanical actuator. It is required that the adjustable range of the driven pulley clamping force of the EMCVT is maximized and the operating power of the DC motors in the actuator is minimized. However, this adjustable range is limited when the actuator is designed for the maximum required driven pulley clamping force. To ameliorate this issue, the electromechanical actuator is optimized in this paper. The structure and operating principles of the EMCVT are illustrated, and the main actuator part models are built. Accordingly, the design principle of the main actuator parts is determined. The required clamping force for four standard driving cycles is considered, and the structural parameters of Belleville springs in the actuator are optimized using a genetic algorithm. Two DC motors are suitably selected, and the mechanical transmission system of the actuator is determined. The optimization results show that the adjustable range of the driven pulley clamping force is increased by over 80% for a high CVT ratio and that the energy consumed by the actuator is reduced for ECE and EUDC driving cycles by ~ 56% and ~ 28%, respectively, as compared to the energy consumed by the actuator before optimization.

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Abbreviations

CVT:

Continuously variable transmission

EHCVT:

Electrohydraulic continuously variable transmission

EMCVT:

Electromechanical continuously variable transmission

GA:

Genetic algorithm

PSO:

Particle swarm optimization

CHDE:

Constraint handling differential evolution

U :

Voltage

R :

Resistance

L :

Inductance

T :

Torque

B :

Damping coefficient

D :

Outer diameter

J :

Moment of inertia

E :

Elastic modulus

d :

Bore diameter

C :

Ratio between outer diameter and bore diameter

F :

Force

P :

Power

p :

Poisson’s ratio

i :

Armature current

x :

Displacement

t :

Belleville springs thickness

h :

Maximum amount of compression

f :

Amount of compression

n :

Rotational speed

k :

Constant coefficient

K 1 :

Coefficient for calculating Belleville springs elastic force

K 4 :

Coefficient for calculating Belleville springs elastic force

ω :

Angular velocity

α :

Half pulley wedge angle

β :

Half thread angle

μ :

Friction coefficient

η :

Transmission efficiency

λ :

Helix angle

ρ :

Friction angle

m:

DC motor

l:

DC motor load

sg:

Lead screw

g:

Gear pair

p:

Driving pulley (primary pulley)

s:

Driven pulley side (secondly pulley)

ssg:

Lead screw of secondly pulley side

psg:

Lead screw of primary pulley side

in:

Input variable of EMCVT

s1:

Belleville springs 1

s2:

Belleville springs 2

s3:

Belleville springs 3

p1:

Belleville springs 4

ds1:

Desired elastic force for Belleville springs 1

pd1:

Desired elastic force for Belleville springs 4

pmin:

Minimum clamping force of primary pulley

pmax:

Maximum clamping force of primary pulley

smax:

Maximum clamping force of secondly pulley

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Acknowledgements

The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. We gratefully acknowledge the support and contribution from the State Key Lab of Mechanical Transmission, Chongqing University, China. This research was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51375505) and National Key Research and Development Program (Grant No. 2016YFB0101402).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China

    Dongye Sun & Junlong Liu

  2. Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Techniques for Automobile Parts, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China

    Ming Ye

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  1. Dongye Sun
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Correspondence to Dongye Sun.

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Technical Editor: Victor Juliano De Negri, D.Eng.

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Sun, D., Liu, J. & Ye, M. Forward parameter optimization design for actuator of electromechanical continuously variable transmission. J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 40, 563 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-018-1463-3

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