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Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Health Sciences Education: a Scoping Review

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Abstract

Background and Purpose

This scoping review aimed to explore the connection between health education and entrepreneurship and to identify gaps in the current literature, educational models, and best practices regarding teaching medical professionals about entrepreneurship and innovation.

Methods

The methodology for this review was based on the principles of Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) model for scoping review design. Results from Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Emcare, AMED, PubMed, and Google Scholar were scanned, filtered, and mapped.

Results

Fifty-nine unique papers were found and mapped. The papers discussed common themes, including the entrepreneurial environment (n = 29), career planning and skill development (n = 3), and various skills crucial for the health entrepreneur. The satisfaction was high for most programs, but few reported more fulsome outcomes. The teaching techniques used to engage trainees or physicians in entrepreneurship were also fairly limited.

Conclusion

Though some programs are described, few have demonstrated efficacy. More attention should be paid towards faculty-level recruitment, development and reward, so that they may in turn teach these approaches. Those involved with educational planning can help close this gap.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr. Margaret Hay and Ms. Mie Østergaard for their contributions as expert consultants.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Family Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada

    Tanishq Suryavanshi

  2. Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine and Emerging Health Leaders, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada

    Tanishq Suryavanshi

  3. Department of Family Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

    Sam Lambert

  4. Michael G. DeGroot School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada

    Sam Lambert

  5. Department of Medicine, Division of Education & Innovation, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada

    Sarrah Lal & Teresa M. Chan

  6. Michael G. DeGroote Health Innovation, Commercialization & Entrepreneurship, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada

    Sarrah Lal

  7. Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada Emergency Medicine Training Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada

    Alvin Chin

  8. Program for Faculty Development, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada

    Teresa M. Chan

  9. Department of Medicine, Division Emergency Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada

    Teresa M. Chan

  10. McMaster Education Research, Innovation, and Theory, Hamilton, Canada

    Teresa M. Chan

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  1. Tanishq Suryavanshi
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Correspondence to Teresa M. Chan.

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This study has previously been presented as a poster presentation at the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians conference in 2019.

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Suryavanshi, T., Lambert, S., Lal, S. et al. Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Health Sciences Education: a Scoping Review. Med.Sci.Educ. 30, 1797–1809 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-020-01050-8

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