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Design and fabrication of semiconductor photocatalyst for photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to solar fuel

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Abstract

The shortage of fossil fuels and the disastrous pollution of the environment have led to an increasing interest in artificial photosynthesis. The photocatalytic conversion of CO2 into solar fuel is believed to be one of the best methods to overcome both the energy crisis and environmental problems. It is of significant importance to efficiently manage the surface reactions and the photo-generated charge carriers to maximize the activity and selectivity of semiconductor photocatalysts for photoconversion of CO2 and H2O to solar fuel. To date, a variety of strategies have been developed to boost their photocatalytic activity and selectivity for CO2 photoreduction. Based on the analysis of limited factors in improving the photocatalytic efficiency and selectivity, this review attempts to summarize these strategies and their corresponding design principles, including increased visible-light excitation, promoted charge transfer and separation, enhanced adsorption and activation of CO2, accelerated CO2 reduction kinetics and suppressed undesirable reaction. Furthermore, we not only provide a summary of the recent progress in the rational design and fabrication of highly active and selective photocatalysts for the photoreduction of CO2, but also offer some fundamental insights into designing highly efficient photocatalysts for water splitting or pollutant degradation.

摘要

近年来, 严 重的化石燃料短缺以及环境污染问题使得人工光合作用引起了科研工作者的广泛关注, 光催化转换CO2成为有价值的太阳能燃料被认为是解决能源危机以及环境问题的最好的方法之一. 有效地控制半导体表面的催化反应以及光生载流子是制备高活性以及高选择性半导体CO2还原光催化剂的关键因素, 至今, 研究人员已经提出了许多策略来增强光催化转换CO2的活性以及选择性. 本文在分析提高光催化效率和选择性限制因素的基础上, 尝试从几个不同方面总结了近些年来提高光催化CO2还原效率的方法以及它们的设计原理, 包括增强半导体可见光响应、 促进光生电子空穴分离、 提高CO2的吸附和活化、 加速CO2还原的动力学以及抑制不良反应等方面. 因此, 本文不仅系统地总结了近年来高活性高选择性光催化CO2还原光催化剂的设计进展, 而且为高效光解水产氢和污染物降解光催化剂的设计提供了重要参考.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Material Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Xin Li, Jingxiang Low & Jiaguo Yu

  2. College of Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China

    Xin Li, Jiuqing Wen & Yueping Fang

  3. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia

    Jiaguo Yu

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Xin Li received his BSc and PhD degrees in chemical engineering from Zhengzhou University in 2002 and South China University of Technology in 2007, respectively. Then, he joined South China Agricultural University as a faculty staff member, and became an associate professor of applied chemistry in 2011. During 2012–2013, he worked as a visiting scholar at the Electrochemistry Center, the University of Texas at Austin, USA. His research interests include photocatalysis, photoelectrochemistry, adsorption and the related materials and devices development.

Jiaguo Yu received his BSc and MSc in chemistry from Huazhong Normal University and Xi’an Jiaotong University, respectively, and his PhD in materials science in 2000 from Wuhan University of Technology (WUT). In 2000, he became a professor of WUT. He was a post-doctor of the Chinese University of Hong Kong from 2001 to 2004, visiting scientist from 2005 to 2006 at the University of Bristol, and visiting scholar from 2007 to 2008 at the University of Texas at Austin, USA. His research interests include semiconductor photocatalysis, dye-sensitized solar cells and so on.

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Li, X., Wen, J., Low, J. et al. Design and fabrication of semiconductor photocatalyst for photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to solar fuel. Sci. China Mater. 57, 70–100 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-014-0003-1

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