Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Mechanical Properties of Aggregates for Roadbase Partially Replaced with Reclaimed Asphalt Shingles

  • Research paper
  • Published:
International Journal of Civil Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The objective of this research is to evaluate the potential to partially replace the natural aggregates used for roadbase with reclaimed asphalt shingles (RAS). Three percentages of replacement were evaluated, namely 10, 20, and 30%. A control mix without RAS was tested for comparison. The physical properties of the mixtures, including particle size distribution, soundness, and abrasion were measured and compared with local material specifications. Additional laboratory testing to determine the compatibility (ability to achieve compaction), bearing strength, permeability, and shear strength were conducted. Overall, the mixtures would still meet the requirements for particle size distribution, soundness, and abrasion. The mixtures with RAS had a lower dry unit weight and higher optimum moisture content than the control. However, the addition of RAS to the natural aggregates could result in an exponential decrease in its bearing strength. RAS also reduced the permeability of the material. A replacement of 10% natural aggregates with RAS resulted in a 50% reduction in the California Bearing Ratio and an approximate reduction of 80% in the coefficient of permeability. Results from large-scale direct shear also show an increment in the cohesion and a decrease in the internal friction angle with the addition of RAS. A replacement of 10% natural aggregates with RAS resulted in a 20 kPa increase in cohesion, whereas the control material was cohesionless, and a reduction of 20% in the internal friction angle. Overall, it was concluded that replacements of natural aggregates with more than 10% RAS are not recommended for materials similar to those used in this study.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abukhettala M (2016) Use of recycled materials in road construction. In: Proc. of the 2nd int. conf. on civ., struct. and transp. Eng. Ottawa, Canada. https://avestia.com/ICCSTE2016_Proceedings/files/paper/133.pdf

  2. Abbas AR, Mannan UA, Dessouky S (2013) Effect of recycled asphalt shingles on physical and chemical properties of virgin asphalt binders. Constr Build Mater 45:162–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.03.073

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Moon KH, Falchetto AC, Marasteanu M, Turos M (2014) Using recycled asphalt materials as an alternative material source in asphalt pavements. KSCE J Civ Eng 18(1):149–159. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-014-0211-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Alvergue A, Elseifi M, Mohammad LN, Cooper SB Jr, Cooper S III (2014) Laboratory evaluation of asphalt mixtures with reclaimed asphalt shingle prepared using the wet process. Road Mater Pavement Des 15(sup1):62–77. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2014.927410

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Yang J, Ddamba S, Ul-Islam R, Safiuddin M, Tighe SL (2013) Investigation on the use of recycled asphalt shingles in Ontario hot mix asphalt: a Canadian case study. Can J Civ Eng 41(2):136–143. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2013-0022

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Cascione AA, Williams RC, Yu J (2015) Performance testing of asphalt pavements with recycled asphalt shingles from multiple field trials. Constr Build Mater 101(Part 1):628–642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.09.027

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. West RC (2015) Best practices for RAP and RAS management. Quality Improvement Series 129, National Asphalt Pavement Association (44 pages). https://www.asphaltpavement.org/PDFs/EngineeringPubs/QIP129_RAP_-_RAS_Best_Practices_lr.pdf

  8. Hansen KR, Copeland A (2017) Asphalt pavement industry survey on recycled materials and warm-mix asphalt usage. Information Series 138, National Asphalt Pavement Association (42 pages). https://www.asphaltpavement.org/PDFs/IS138/IS138-2016_RAP-RAS-WMA_Survey_Final.pdf

  9. Warner JD, Edil TB (2011) An evaluation of reclaimed asphalt shingles for beneficial reuse in roadway construction. J ASTM Int 9(1):1–16. https://doi.org/10.1520/JAI103665

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Hooper F, Marr WA (2005) Effects of reclaimed asphalt shingles on engineering properties of soils. In: Recycled materials in Geotech (ASCE Geotechnical Special Publication 127), pp 137–149. https://doi.org/10.1061/40756(149)9

  11. Shrestha N, Shehata M, Easa S, Senior S, Rogers C, Essex R (2008) Use of processed tear-off roof shingles to improve performance of roadbase materials. In: Annual conference of the Transportation Association of Canada. https://conf.tac-atc.ca/english/resourcecentre/readingroom/conference/conf2008/docs/f1/Shrestha.pdf

  12. Carreon DG (2006) Stabilization of marginal soils using recycled materials. Dissertation, University of South Florida. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3472&context=etd

  13. Soleimanbeigi A, Edil, T, Benson, C (2002) (2012) Geotechnical evaluation of recycled asphalt shingles as structural fill. Dissertation, University of Wisconsin-Madison. https://rmrc.wisc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Ali-Soleimanbeigi-Dissertation-2012.pdf

  14. MTO (Ministry of Transportation Ontario) (2013) Pavement design and rehabilitation manual. Queen’s Printer for Ontario, ISBN: 978-1-4435-2873-3

  15. AASHTO (2015) MP 23–15 Standard specification for reclaimed asphalt shingles for use in asphalt mixtures. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Townsend T, Powell J, Xu C (2007) Environmental issues associated with asphalt shingle recycling. Constr Mater Recycl Assoc. https://www.shinglerecycling.org/sites/www.shinglerecycling.org/files/shingle_PDF/EPA%2520Shingle%2520Report_Final.pdf

  17. Rathje EM, Rauch AF, Folliard KJ, Trejo D, Little D, Viyanant C, Esfeller M (2002) Recycled asphalt pavement and crushed concrete backfill: results from initial durability and geotechnical tests. Center for Transportation Research, Austin, Texas, USA. Report FHWA/TX-02/4177-2. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/776a/48a30ad94a64b77bcc195e324a62238254ef.pdf?_ga=2.22198847.569370856.1589324179-1964901229.1574650185

  18. PEI Department of Transportation, Infrastructure, and Energy (2020) General provisions and contract specifications for highway construction. https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/sites/default/files/publications/highwayconstructionspecs_0.pdf

  19. Pelkey SG (1997) Geotechnical properties of municipal solid waste. Dissertation, University of New Brunswick. https://unb.on.worldcat.org/oclc/270315653

  20. Department of Transportation and Infrastructure (2019) Standard specifications for highway construction. New Brunswick. https://www2.gnb.ca/content/dam/gnb/Departments/trans/pdf/en/Publications/2019_Standard_Specs-e.pdf

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the Prince Edward Island Department of Transportation and Public Works for funding this research; in particular, we appreciate the support of Stephen J. Yeo, Chief Engineer of the Capital Projects Division.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Municipal EIT, WSP Canada Inc., 1 Spectacle Lake Drive, Dartmouth, NS, B3B 1X7, Canada

    Matthew MacEachern

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, University of New Brunswick, H-124, Head Hall, 17 Dineen Drive, Fredericton, NB, E3B 5A3, Canada

    Xiomara Sanchez & Won Taek Oh

Authors
  1. Matthew MacEachern
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Xiomara Sanchez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Won Taek Oh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xiomara Sanchez.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

MacEachern, M., Sanchez, X. & Oh, W.T. Mechanical Properties of Aggregates for Roadbase Partially Replaced with Reclaimed Asphalt Shingles. Int J Civ Eng 19, 233–243 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-020-00566-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-020-00566-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation