Abstract
Drought, low temperature and salinity are the most important abiotic stress factors limiting crop productivity. A genomic map of major loci and QTLs affecting stress tolerance in Triticeae identified the crucial role of the group 5 chromosomes, where the highest concentration of QTLs and major loci controlling plant's adaptation to the environment (heading date, frost and salt tolerance) has been found. In addition, a conserved region with a major role in drought tolerance has been localized to the group 7 chromosomes. Extensive molecular biological studies have led to the cloning of many stress-related genes and responsive elements. The expression of some stress-related genes was shown to be linked to stress-tolerant QTLs, suggesting that these genes may represent the molecular basis of stress tolerance. The development of suitable genetic tools will allow the role of stress-related sequences and their relationship with stress-tolerant loci to be established in the near future.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abe, H., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, K., Urao, T., Iwasaki, T., Hosokawa, D. and Shinozaki, K. 1997. Role of Arabidopsis MYC and MYB homologs in drought-and abscisic acidregulated gene expression. Plant Cell 9: 1859-1868.
Anderberg, J.R. and Walker-Simmons, M.K. 1992. Isolation of a wheat cDNA clone for an abscisic acid-inducible transcript with homology to protein kinases. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 10183-10187.
Baker, S.S., Wilhelm, K.S. and Thomashow, M.F. 1994. The 5'-region of Arabidopsis thaliana cor15a has cis-acting elements that confer cold-, drought-and ABA-regulated gene expression. Plant Mol. Biol. 24: 701-713.
Baldi, P., Grossi, M., Pecchioni, N., Valé, G. and Cattivelli, L. 1999. High expression level of a gene coding for a chloroplastic amino acid selective channel protein is correlated to cold acclimation in cereals. Plant Mol. Biol. 41: 233-243.
Bartels, D., Engelhardt, K., Roncarati, R., Schneider, K., Rotter A.M. and Salamini, F. 1991. An ABA and GA modulated gene expressed in the barley embryo encodes an aldose reductase related protein. EMBO J. 10: 1037-1043.
Baulcombe, D.C. 1999. Fast forward genetics based on virusinduced gene silencing. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 2: 109-113.
Berberich, T., Uebeler, M. and Feierabend, J. 2000. cDNA cloning of cytoplasmic ribosomal protein S7 of winter rye (Secale cereale) and its expression in low-temperature-treated leaves. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1492: 276-279.
Blum, A. 1989. Osmotic adjustment and growth in barley genotypes under drought stress. Crop Sci. 29: 230-233.
Busk, P.K., Jensen, A.B. and Pagès, M. 1997. Regulatory elements in vivo in the promoter of the abscisic acid responsive gene rab17 from maize. Plant J. 11: 1285-1295.
Cattivelli, L. and Bartels, D. 1990. Molecular cloning and characterization of cold-regulated genes in barley. Plant Physiol. 93: 1504-1510.
Cattivelli, L., Delogu, G., Terzi, V. and Stanca, A.M. 1994. Progress in barley breeding. In: Genetic Improvement of Field Crops. G.A. Slafer (Eds.) Marcel Dekker, New York, pp. 95-181.
Chauvin, L.P., Houde, M. and Sarhan, F. 1993. A leaf-specific gene stimulated by light during wheat acclimation to low temperature. Plant Mol. Biol. 23: 255-265.
Choi, D.W., Koag, M.C. and Close, T.J. 1999. The barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) dehydrin multigene family: sequences, allele types, chromosome assignments, and expression characteristics of 11 Dhn genes of cv. Dictoo. Theor. Appl. Genet 98: 1234-1247.
Choi, D.W., Koag, M.C. and Close, T.J. 2000. Map locations of barley Dhn genes determined by gene-specific PCR. Theor. Appl. Genet. 101: 350-354.
Crosatti, C., Soncini, C., Stanca, A.M. and Cattivelli, L. 1995. The accumulation of a cold-regulated chloroplastic protein is lightdependent. Planta 196: 458-463.
Crosatti, C., Nevo, E., Stanca, A.M. and Cattivelli, L. 1996. Genetic analysis of the COR14 proteins accumulation in wild (Hordeum spontaneum) and cultivated (Hordeum vulgare) barley. Theor. Appl. Genet. 93: 975-981.
Crosatti, C., Polverino de Laureto, P., Bassi R. and Cattivelli, L. 1999. The interaction between cold and light controls the expression of the cold-regulated barley gene cor14b and the accumulation of the corresponding protein. Plant Physiol. 119: 671-680.
Cuming, A.C. 1984. Developmental regulation of gene expression in wheat embryos. Molecular cloning of a DNA sequence encoding the early methionine-labelled (Em) polypeptide. Eur. J. Biochem. 145: 351-357.
Curry, J., Morris, C.F. and Walker-Simmons, M.K. 1991. Sequence analysis of a cDNA encoding a group 3 LEAmRNA inducible by ABA or dehydration stress in wheat. Plant Mol. Biol. 16: 1073-1076.
Danyluk J., Perron, A., Houde, M., Limin, A., Fowler, B., Benhamou, N. and Sarhan, F. 1998. Accumulation of an acidic dehydrin in the vicinity of the plasma membrane during cold acclimation of wheat. Plant Cell 10: 623-638.
Dubcovsky, J., Maria, G.S., Epstein, E., Luo, M.C. and Dvorak, J. 1996. Mapping of the K+/Na+ discrimination locus in wheat. Theor. Appl. Genet. 92: 448-454.
Dubcovsky J., Lijavetzky, D., Appendino L. and Tranquilli, G. 1998. Comparative mapping of Triticum monococcum genes controlling vernalization requirement. Theor. Appl. Genet. 97: 968-975.
Dunn M.A., Hughes, M.A., Pearce, R.S. and Jack, P.L. 1990. Molecular characterization of a barley gene induced by cold treatment. J. Exp. Bot. 41: 1405-1413.
Dunn M.A., Hughes, M.A., Zhang, L., Pearce, R.S., Quigley, AS. and Jack, P.L. 1991. Nucleotide sequence and molecular analysis of the low-temperature induced cereal gene blt4. Mol. Gen. Genet. 229: 389-394.
Dunn, M.A., Morris, A., Jack P.L. and Hughes, M.A. 1993. A lowtemperature-responsive translation elongation factor 1α from barley (Hordeum vulgare L). Plant Mol. Biol. 23: 221-225.
Dunn M.A., Goddard, N.J., Zhang, L., Pearce, R.S. and Hughes, M.A. 1994. Low-temperature-responsive barley genes have different control mechanisms. Plant Mol. Biol. 24: 879-888.
Dunn, M.A., Brown, K., Lightowers, R.L. and Hughes, M.A. 1996. A low-temperature-responsive gene from barley encodes a protein with single stranded nucleic acid binding activity which is phosphorylated in vitro. Plant Mol. Biol. 30: 947-959.
Dunn, M.A., White, A.J., Vural, S and Hughes, M.A. 1998. Identification of promoter elements in a low-temperature-responsive gene (blt4.9) from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Plant Mol. Biol. 38: 551-564.
Dure, L. III 1993. A repeating 11-mer amino acid motif and plant desiccation. Plant J. 3: 363-369.
Ellis, R., Forster, B.P., Waugh, R., Bonar, N., Handley, L.L., Robinson, D., Gordon, D.C. and Powell, G. 1997. Mapping physiological traits in barley. New Phytol. 137: 149-157.
Espelund M., Saeboe-Larssen, S., Hughes, D.W., Galau, G.A., Larsen F. and Jakobsen, K. 1992. Late embryogenesis-abundant genes encoding proteins with different numbers of hydrophilic repeats are regulated differentially by abscisic acid and osmotic stress. Plant J. 2: 241-252.
Faris J.D., Li, W.L., Liu, D.J., Chen, P.D. and Gill, B.S. 1999. Candidate gene analysis of quantitative disease resistance in wheat. Theor. Appl. Genet. 98: 219-225.
Farquhar, G.D. and Richardson, R.A. 1984. Isotopic composition of plants correlates with water use efficiency of wheat genotypes. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 11: 539-552.
Forster, B.P., Phillips, M.S., Miller, T.E., Baird, E. and Powell, W. 1990. Chromosome location of genes controlling tolerance to salt (NaCl) and vigour in Hordeum vulgare and H. chilense. Heredity 65: 99-107.
Fowler D.B., Chauvin, L.P., Limin, A.E. and Sarhan, F. 1996. The regulatory role of vernalization in the expression of lowtemperature-induced genes in wheat and rye. Theor. Appl. Genet. 93: 554-559.
Franckowiak, J. 1997. Revised linkage maps for morphological markers in barley, Hordeum vulgare. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26: 9-21.
Fridman, E., Pleban, T. and Zamir, D. 2000. A recombinant hotspot delimits a wild-species quantitative trait locus for tomato sugar content to 484 bp within an invertase gene Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 4718-4723.
Gai, X.W., Lal, S., Xing, L.Q., Brendel, V. and Walbot, V. 2000. Gene discovery using the maize genome database ZmDB. Nucl. Acids Res. 28: 94-96.
Galiba G., Quarrie, S.A., Sutka, J., Morgounov, A. and Snape, J.W. 1995. RFLP mapping of the vernalization (Vrn1) and frost resistance (Fr1) genes on chromosome 5A of wheat. Theor. Appl. Genet. 90: 1174-1179.
Gallagher, L.W., Solimann, K.M., Vivar, H. 1991. Interactions among loci conferring photoperiod insensitivity for heading time in spring barley. Crop Sci. 31: 256-261.
Gana, J.A., Sutton, F. and Kenefick, D.G. 1997. cDNA structure and expression patterns a low-temperature-specific wheat gene tacr7. Plant Mol. Biol. 34: 643-650.
Gilmour, S.J., Zarka, D.G., Stockinger, E.J., Salazar, M.P., Houghton, J.M. and Thomashow, M.F. 1998. Low temperature regulation of the Arabidopsis CBF family of AP2 transcriptional activators as an early step in cold induced COR gene expression. Plant J. 16: 433-443.
Goddard, N.J., Dunn, M.A., Zhang, L., White, A.J., Jack, P.L. and Hughes, M.A. 1993. Molecular analysis and spatial expression pattern of a low-temperature-specific barley gene, blt101. Plant Mol. Biol. 23: 871-879.
Gorny, A.G. 1999. Effects of D-genome substitutions on the water use efficiency and of the 'Langdon' durum wheat to reduced nitrogen nutrition. Cereal Res. Comm. 27: 83-90.
Grossi, M., Gulli, M., Stanca, A.M. and Cattivelli, L. 1995. Characterization of two barley genes that respond rapidly to dehydration stress. Plant Sci. 105: 71-80.
Grossi, M., Giorni, E., Rizza, F., Stanca, A.M. and Cattivelli, L. 1998. Wild and cultivated barleys show differences in the expression pattern of a cold-regulated gene family under different light and temperature conditions. Plant Mol. Biol. 38: 1061-1069.
Guiltinan, M.J., Marcotte, W.R. Jr, and Quatrano, R.S. 1990. A plant leucine zipper protein that recognizes an abscisic acid-responsive element. Science 250: 267-271.
Handley, L.L., Nevo, E., Raven, J.A., Martines-Carrasco, R., Scrimgeour, C.M., Pakniyat, H. and Forster, B.P. 1994. Chromosome 4 controls potential water use efficiency (δ13) in barley. J. Exp. Bot. 45: 1661-663.
Hayes P.M., Blake, T., Chen, T.H.H., Tragoonrung, S., Chen, F., Pan, A. and Liu, B. 1993. Quantitative trait loci on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) chromosome-7 associated with components of winterhardiness. Genome 36: 66-71.
Hockett, E.A. and Nilan, R.A. 1985. Genetics. In: D.C. Rasmusson (Ed.), Barley, ASA/CSSA/SSSA, Madison, WI, pp. 187-230.
Hollung, K., Espelund, M. and Jakobsen, K.S. 1994. Another Lea B19 gene (Group 1 barley containing a single 20 amino acid hydrophilic motif Plant Mol. Biol. 25: 559-564.
Hong, B., Barg R. and Ho, T.-O. 1992. Developmental and organspecific expression of an ABA-and stress-induced protein in barley. Plant Mol. Biol. 18: 663-674.
Houde, M., Danyluk, J., Laliberté, J-F., Rassart, E., Dhindsa, R.S. and Sarhan, F. 1992. Cloning, characterization, and expression of a cDNA encoding a 50-Kilodalton protein specifically induced by cold acclimation in wheat. Plant Physiol. 99: 1381-1387.
Ishitani, M., Nakamura, T., Han, S.Y. and Takabe, T. 1995. Expression of the betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene in barley in response to osmotic stress and abscisic acid. Plant Mol. Biol. 27: 307-315.
Ismail, A.M., Hall, A.E. and Close, T.J. 1999. Allelic variation of a dehydrin gene cosegregates with chilling tolerance during seedling emergence. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96: 13566-13570.
Jiang, C., Iu, B., Singh, J. 1996. Requirement of a CCGAC cisacting element for cold induction of BN115 gene from B. napus. Plant Mol. Biol. 30: 679-684.
Joshee, N., Kisaka, H. and Kitagawa, Y. 1998. Isolation and characterization of a water stress-specific genomic gene, pwsi18, from rice. Plant Cell Physiol. 39: 64-72.
Joshi, C.P., King, S.W., Nguyen, H.T. 1992. Molecular cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding a water stress protein (wsp23) from wheat roots. Plant Sci. 86: 71-82.
Kasai K., Fukayama, H., Uchida, N., Mori, N., Yasuda, T., Oji, Y. and Nakamura, C. 1998. Salinity tolerance in Triticum aestivum-Lophopyrum elongatum amphiploid and 5E disomic addition line evaluated by NaCl effects on photosynthesis and respiration. Cereal Res. Comm. 26: 281-287.
Kasuga, M., Liu, Q., Miura, S., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, K. and Shinozaki, K. 1999. Improving plant drought, salt, and freezing tolerance by gene transfer of a single stress-inducible transcription factor. Nature Biotechnol. 17: 287-291.
Kato K., Miura H. and Sawada, S. 1999. Comparative mapping of the wheat Vrn-A1 region with the rice Hd-6 region. Genome 42: 204-209.
King, S.W., Joshi, C.P. and Nguyen, H.T. 1992. DNA sequence of an ABA responsive gene (rab15) from water-stressed wheat roots. Plant Mol. Biol. 18: 119-121.
Knight, CD., Sehgal, A., Atwal, K., Wallace, J.C., Cove, D.J., Coates, D., Quatrano, R.S., Bahadur, S., Stockley, P.G. and Cuming, A. 1995. Molecular responses to abscisic acid and stress are conserved between moss and cereals. Plant Cell 7: 499-506.
Knight, H., Veale, E.L., Warren, G.J. and Knight, M.R. 1999. The sfr6 mutation in Arabidopsis suppresses low-temperature induction of genes dependent on the CRT DRE sequence motif. Plant Cell 11: 875-886.
Koebner, R.M.D., Martin, P.K., Orford, S.M. and Miller, T.E. 1996. Responses to salt stress controlled by the homeologous group 5 chromosomes of hexaploid wheat. Plant Breed. 115: 81-84.
Koike, M., Takezawa, D., Arakawa, K. and Yoshida, S. 1997. Accumulation of 19-kDa plasma membrane polypeptide during induction of freezing tolerance in wheat suspension-cultured cells by abscisic acid. Plant Cell Physiol. 38: 707-716.
Kurek, I., Harvey, A.J., Lonsdale, D.M. and Breiman, A. 2000. Isolation and characterization of the wheat prolyl isomerase FK506-binding protein (FKBP) 73 promoter. Plant Mol. Biol. 42: 489-497.
Labhilili, M., Jourdier, P. and Gautier, M-F. 1995. Characterization of cDNAs encoding Triticum durum dehydrins and their expression patterns in cultivars that differ in drought tolerance. Plant Sci. 112: 219-230.
Langridge, P., Karakousis, A., Collins, N., Kretschmer J. and Manning, S. 1995. A consensus linkage map of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Mol. Breed. 1: 389-395.
Laurie, D.A. 1997. Comparative genetics of flowering time. Plant Mol. Biol. 35: 167-177.
Laurie, D.A., Pratchett, N., Bezant, J.H. and Snape, J.W. 1994. Genetic analysis of a photoperiod response gene on the short arm of chromosome 2(2H) of Hordeum vulgare (barley). Heredity 72: 619-627.
Laurie, D.A., Pratchett, N., Bezant, J.H. and Snape, J.W. 1995. RFLP mapping of five major genes and eight quantitative trait loci controlling flowering time in a winter × spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cross. Genome 38: 575-585.
Law, C.N. 1966. The location of genetic factors affecting a quantitative character in wheat. Genetics 53: 487-493.
Leung, J. and Giraudat, J. 1998. Abscisic acid signal transduction. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 49: 199-222.
Li, Z.Y. and Chen, S.Y. 2000. Isolation and characterization of a salt-and drought-inducible gene for S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plant Physiol. 156: 386-393.
Lilley, J.M., Ludlow, M.M., McCouch, S.R. and O'Toole, J.C. 1996. Locating QTL for osmotic adjustment and dehydration tolerance in rice. J. Exp. Bot. 47: 1427-1436.
Litts, J.C., Colwell, G.W., Chakerian, R.L. and Quatrano, R.S. 1987. The nucleotide sequence of a cDNA clone encoding the wheat Em protein. Nucl. Acids. Res. 15: 3607-3618.
Liu, Q., Sakuma, Y., Abe, H., Kasuga, M., Miura, S., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, K. and Shinozaki, K. 1998. Two transcriptional factors, DREB1 and DREB2, with an EREP/AP2 DNA binding domain, separate two cellular signal transduction pathways in drought-and low temperature-responsive gene expression, respectively, in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 10: 1391-1406.
Maes, T., De Keukeleire, P. and Gerats, T. 1999. Plant tagnology. Trends Plant Sci. 4: 90-96.
Mano, Y. and Takeda, K. 1997. Mapping quantitative trait loci for salt tolerance at germination and the seedling stage in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Euphytica 94: 263-272.
Marcotte, W.R. Jr, Russel, S.H. and Quatrano, R.S. 1989. Abscisic acid response sequences from the Em gene of wheat. Plant Cell 1: 969-976.
Mastrangelo, A.M., Baldi, P., Maré, C., Terzi, V., Galiba, G., Cattivelli, L. and Di Fonzo, N. 2000. The cold dependent accumulation of COR TMC-AP3 in cereals with contrasting frost tolerance is regulated by different mRNA expression and protein turnover. Plant Sci. 156: 47-54.
McIntosh, R.A., Hart, G.E. and Gale, M.D. 1998. Catalogue of gene symbols for wheat. Proceedings 9th International Wheat Genetics Symposium, Saskatchewan, Canada, pp. 1333-1500.
Mekhedov, S., de Ilarduya, O.M. and Ohlrogge, J. 2000. Toward a functional catalogue of the plant genome. A survey of genes for lipid biosynthesis. Plant Physiol. 122: 389-401.
Misawa, S., Mori, N., Takumi, S., Yoshida, S. and Nakamura, C. 2000. Mapping of QTLs for low temperature response in seedling of rice (Otyza sativa L.). Cereal Res. Comm. 28: 33-41.
Molina-Cano, J.L., Sopena, A., Swanston, J.S., Casas, A.M., Moralejo, M.A., Ubieto, A., Lara, I., Perez-Vendrell, A.M. and Romagosa, I. 1999. A mutant induced in the malting barley cv. Triumph with reduced dormancy and ABA response. Theor. Appl. Genet. 98: 347-355.
Morgan, J.M. and Tan, M.K. 1996. Chromosomal location of a wheat osmoregulation gene using RFLP analysis. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 23: 803-806.
Mudgett, M.B. and Clarke, S. 1994. Hormonal and environmental responsiveness of a developmentally regulated protein repair L-isoaspartyl methyltransferase in wheat. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 25605-25612.
Mullarkey, M. and Jones, P. 2000. Isolation and analysis of thermotolerant mutants of wheat. J. Exp. Bot. 51: 139-146.
Mundy, J., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, K. and Chua, N-H. 1990. Nuclear proteins bind conserved elements in the abscisic acid-responsive promoter of a rice rab gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 1406-1410.
Muramoto, Y., Watanabe, A., Nakamura, T. and Takabe, T. 1999. Enhanced expression of a nuclease gene in leaves of barley plants under salt stress. Gene 234: 315-321.
Nakagawa, H., Ohmiya, K. and Hattori, T. 1996. A rice bZIP protein, designated OSBZ8, is rapidly induced by abscisic acid. Plant J. 9: 217-227.
Nemoto, Y., Kawakami, N. and Sasakuma, T. 1999. Isolation of novel early salt-responsive genes from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by differential display. Theor. Appl. Genet. 98: 673-678.
Nuccio, M..L., Rhodes, D., McNeil, S.D. and Hanson, A.D. 1999. Metabolic engineering of plants for osmotic stress resistance. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 2: 128-134.
Ohlrogge, J. and Benning, C. 2000. Unravelling plant metabolism by EST analysis. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 3: 224-228.
Ouellet, F., Vazquez-Tello, A. and Sarhan, F. 1998. The wheat wcs120 promoter is cold-inducible in both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous species. FEBS Lett. 423: 324-328.
Pan, A., Hayes, P.M., Chen, F., Chen, T.H.H., Blake, T., Wright, S., Karsai, I. and Bedö, Z. 1994. Genetic analysis of the components of winterhardiness in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 89: 900-910.
Pearce, R.S., Houlston, C.E., Atherton, K.M., Rixon, J.E., Harrison, P., Hughes, M.A. and Dunn, M.A. 1998. Localization of expression of three cold-induced genes, blt101, blt4.9 and blt14, in different tissues of the crown and developing leaves of cold-acclimated cultivated barley. Plant Physiol. 117: 787-795.
Phillips, J.R., Dunn, M.A. and Hughes, M.A. 1997. mRNA stability and localisation of the low-temperature-responsive gene family blt14. Plant Mol. Biol. 33: 1013-1023.
Plaschke, J., Borner, A., Xie, D.X., Koebner, R.D.M., Schlegel, R. and Gale, M.D. 1993. RFLP mapping of genes affecting plant height and growth habit in rye. Theor. Appl. Genet. 85: 1049-1054.
Pugsley, A.T. 1973. Control of developmental patterns in wheat through breeding. Proc. 4th International Wheat Genetics Symposium, pp. 857-859.
Qi, X., Stam, P. and Lindhout, P. 1996. Comparison and integration of four barley genetic maps. Genome 39: 379-394.
Quarrie, S.A., Gulli, M., Calestani, C., Steed, A. and Marmiroli, N. 1994. Location of a gene regulation drought-induced abscisic acid production on the long arm of chromosome 5A of wheat. Theor. Appl. Genet. 89: 794-800.
Rascio, A., Russo, M., Mazzucco, L., Platani, C., Nicastro, G. and Di Fonzo, N. 2001. Enhanced osmotolerance of a wheat mutant selected for potassium accumulation. Plant Sci. 160: 441-448.
Rascio, A., Russo, M., Platani, C., Ronga, G. and Di Fonzo, N. 1999. Mutants of durum wheat with alterations in tissue affinity for strongly bound water. Plant Sci. 144: 29-34.
Raskin, I., and Ladyman, J.A.R. 1988. Isolation and characterization of a barley mutant with abscisic-acid-insensitive stomata. Planta 173: 73-78.
Richmond, T. and Somerville, S. 2000. Chasing the dream: plant EST microarray. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 3: 108-116.
Saijo, Y., Hata, S., Kyozuka, J., Shimamoto, K. and Izui, K. 2000. Over-expression of a single Ca2+-dependent protein kinase confers both cold and salt/drought tolerance on rice plants. Plant J. 23: 319-327.
Sarhan, F. and Danyluk, J. 1998. Engineering cold-tolerant crops throwing the master switch. Trends Plant Sci. 3: 289-290.
Shen, Q. and Ho, T.-H.D. 1995. Functional dissection of an abscisic acid (ABA)-inducible gene reveals two independent ABAresponsive complexes each containing a G-box and a novel cis-acting element. Plant Cell 7: 295-307.
Shen, Q., Zhang, P.N. and Ho, T.-H.D. 1996. Modular nature of abscisic acid (ABA) response complexes: composite promoter units that are necessary and sufficient for ABA induction of gene expression in barley. Plant Cell 8: 1107-1119.
Shimosaka, E., Sasauma, T. and Handa, H. 1999. A wheat cold-regulated cDNA encoding an early light-inducible protein (ELIP): its structure, expression and chromosomal location. Plant Cell Physiol. 40: 319-325.
Sivamani, E., Bahieldin, A., Wraith, J.M., Al-Niemi, T., Dyer, W.E., Ho, T.D. and Qu, R. 2000. Improved biomass productivity and water use efficiency under water deficit conditions in transgenic wheat constitutively expressing the barley HVA1 gene. Plant Sci. 155: 1-9.
Skriver, K., Olsen, P.L., Rogers, J.C. and Mundy, J. 1991. Cisacting DNA elements responsive to gibberellin and its antagonist abscisic acid. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 7266-7270.
Snape, J.W., Quarrie, S.A., and Laurie, D.A. 1996. Comparative mapping and its use for the genetic analysis of agronomic characters in wheat. Euphytica 89: 27-31.
Snape, J.W., Semikhodskii, A., Fish, L., Sarma, R.N., Quarrie, S.A., Galiba, G. and Sutka J. 1997. Mapping frost tolerance loci in wheat and comparative mapping with other cereals. Acta Agric. Hung. 45: 265-270.
Stokinger, E.J., Gilmour, S.J., and Thomashow, M.F. 1997. Arabidopsis thaliana CBF1 encodes an AP2 domain-containing transcriptional activator that binds to the C-repeat/DRE, a cisacting DNA regulatory element that stimulates transcription in response to low temperature and water deficit. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94: 1035-1040.
Storlie, E.W., Allan, R.E. and Walker-Simmons, M.K. 1998. Effect of the Vrn1-Fr1 interval on cold hardiness levels in near-isogenic wheat lines. Crop Sci. 38: 483-488.
Straub, P.F., Shen, Q., Ho, T.-H.D. 1994. Structure and promoter analysis of an ABA-and stress-regulated barley gene HVA1. Plant Mol. Biol. 26: 617-630.
Sutka, J., Galiba, G., Vaguifalvi, A., Gill, B.S. and Snape, J.W. 1999. Physical mapping of the Vrn-A1 and Fr1 genes on chromosome 5A of wheat using delition lines. Theor. Appl. Genet. 99: 199-202.
Sutka, J. and Snape, J.W. 1989. Location of a gene for frost resistance on chromosome 5A of wheat. Euphytica 42: 41-44.
Sutton, F., Ding, X. and Kenefrik, D.G. 1992. Group 3 Lea genes HVA1 regulation by cold acclimation and deacclimation in two barley cultivars with varying freeze resistance. Plant Physiol. 99: 338-340.
Swire-Clark, G.A. and Marcotte, W.R. 1999. The wheat LEA protein Em functions as an osmoprotective molecule in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Plant Mol. Biol. 39: 117-128.
Teulat, B., Monneveux, P., Wery, J., Borries, C., Souyris, I., Charrier, A. and This D. 1997. Relationship between relative water content and growth parameters under water stress in barley: a QTL study. New Phytol. 137: 99-107.
Teulat, B., This, D., Khairallah, M., Borries, C., Ragot, C., Sourdille, P., Leroy, P., Monneveux P. and Charrier, A. 1998. Several QTLs involved in osmotic-adjustment trait variation in barley. Theor. Appl. Genet. 96: 688-698.
Tuberosa, R., Galiba, G., Sanguineti, M.C., Noli E. and Sutka, J. 1997. Identification of QTL influencing freezing tolerance in barley. Acta Agric. Hung. 45: 413-417.
Vagujfalvi, A., Crosatti, C., Galiba, G., Dubcovsky J. and Cattivelli L. 2000. Two loci on wheat chromosome 5A regulate the differential cold-dependent expression of the cor14b gene in frost-tolerant and frost-sensitive genotypes. Mol. Gen. Genet. 263: 194-200.
Van Deynze, A.E., Nelson, J.C., Yglesias, E.S., Harrington, S.E., Braga, D.P., McCouch, S.R. and Sorrells, M.E. 1995. Comparative mapping in grasses: wheat relationships. Mol. Gen. Genet. 248: 748-754.
Wood, A.J., Duff, R.J. and Oliver, M.J. 1999. Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from desiccated Tortula ruralis identify a large number of novel plant genes. Plant Cell Physiol. 40: 361-368.
Worland, A.J. 1996. The influence of flowering time genes on environmental adaptability in European wheats. Euphytica 89: 49-57.
Xin, Z. and Browse, J. 1998. eskimo1 mutants of Arabidopsis are constitutively freezing-tolerant. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95: 7799-7804.
Xu, K. and Mackill, D.J. 1996. A major locus for submergence tolerance mapped on rice chromosome 9. Mol. Breed. 2: 219-224.
Xu, D., Duan, X., Wang, B., Hong, B., Ho, T.-H.D. and Wu, R. 1996. Expression of late embryogenesis abundant protein gene, HVA1, from barley confers tolerance to water deficit and salt stress in transgenic rice. Plant Physiol. 110: 249-257.
Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, K. and Shinozaki, K. 1994. A novel cisacting element in an Arabidopsis gene is involved in responsiveness to drought, low temperature or high-salt stress. Plant Cell 6: 251-264.
Yano, M., Katayose, Y., Ashikari, M., Yamanouchi, U., Monna, L., Fuse, T., Baba, T., Yamamoto K., Umehara Y., Nagamura Y. and Sasaki T. 2000. Hd1, major photoperiod-sensitivity quantitative trait locus in rice, is closely related to the Arabidopsis flowering time gene CONSTANT. Plant Cell 12: 2473-2484.
Yet, S., Moffatt, B.A., Griffith, M., Xiong, F., Yang, D.S.C., Wiseman, S.B., Sarhan, F., Danyluk, J., Xue, Y.Q., Hew, C.L., Doeherty-Kirby, A. and Lajoie G. 2000. Chitinase genes responsive to cold encode antifreeze proteins in winter cereals. Plant Physiol. 124: 1251-1263.
Zhu, B., Choi, D-W., Fenton, R. and Close, T.J. 2000. Expression of the barley dehydrin multigene family and the development of freezing tolerance. Mol. Gen. Genet. 264: 145-153.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cattivelli, L., Baldi, P., Crosatti, C. et al. Chromosome regions and stress-related sequences involved in resistance to abiotic stress in Triticeae . Plant Mol Biol 48, 649–665 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014824404623
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014824404623