References
Miller G. Educating Medical Teachers. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press; 1980.
Wittrock MC, ed. Handbook of Research on Teaching. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1986.
Skeff KM. Evaluation of a method for improving the teaching performance of attending physicians. Am J Med. 1983;75:465–70.
Skeff KM. Enhancing teaching effectiveness and vitality in the ambulatory setting. J Gen Intern Med. 1988;3(suppl): S26–33.
Bergen MR, Stratos GA, Berman J, Skeff KM. Comparison of clinical teaching by residents and attending physicians in inpatient and lecture settings. Teach Learn Med. 1993;5:149–57.
Mygdal WK. Participants accept STFM's invitation to excellence. STFM Messenger. February 1994.
Skeff KM, Stratos GA, Bergen MR, et al. The Stanford Faculty Development Program for Medical Teachers: a dissemination approach to faculty development for medical teachers. Teach Learn Med. 1992;4:180–7.
DeWitt TG, Goldberg RL, Roberts KB. Developing community faculty. Principles, practice, and evaluation. Am J Dis Children. 1993;147:49–53.
Skeff KM, Bergen MR, Stratos GA. Evaluation of a medical faculty development program: a comparison of traditional pre/post and retrospective pre/post self-assessment ratings. Eval Health Prof. 1992;15:350–66.
Keenan JM, Seim HC, Bland CJ, Altemeier TM. A workshop program to train volunteer community preceptors. Acad Med. 1990; 65:46–7.
Albright CL, Farquhar JW, Fortmann SP, et al. Impact of a clinical preventive medicine curriculum for primary care faculty: results of dissemination model. Prev Med. 1992;21:419–35.
Benor DE, Mahler S. Training medical teachers: rationale and outcomes. In: Schmidt HG, Lipkin M, de Vries MW, Greep JM, eds. New Directions for Medical Education: Problem-Based Learning and Community-Oriented Medical Education. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag; 1989:248–70.
Schmidt HG, Bouhuijs PAJ, Khattab T, Makladi F. Attitude change among medical teachers: effects of a workshop on tutorials. In: Schmidt HG, Lipkin M, de Vries MW, Greep JM, eds. New Directions for Medical Education: Problem-Based Learning and Community-Oriented Medical Education. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag; 1989:243–7.
Skeff KM. Setting the research agenda. In: Proceedings of the American College of Physicans' National Community-Based Teaching Symposium, February 2–3, 1996, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia, Pa. 77–99.
Skeff KM, Stratos GA, Bergen MA, Guarino C. The implementation and evaluation of a teaching improvement method for faculty in the medical school basic sciences. Final Report submitted to Bing Teaching Initiative, School of Humanities and Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif. 1993.
Maslow AH. Motivation and Personality. New York, NY: Harper & Row; 1954.
McClelland DC. Toward a theory of motive acquisition. Am Psychol. 1965;20:321–33.
Skeff KM, Stratos GA, Berman J, Bergen MR. Improving clinical teaching. Evaluation of a national dissemination program. Arch Intern Med. 1992;152:1156–61.
Elstein AS, Shulman LS, Sprafka SA. Medical Problem Solving: An Analysis of Clinical Reasoning. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press; 1978.
Shulman L. Knowledge and teaching: foundations of the new reform. Harv Educ Rev. 1987;57(1): 1–22.
Harris I, Kvasnicka JH, Ytterberg SR. Faculty development of community primary care preceptors. Acad Med. 1995;70:458–9.
Irby DM. Teaching and learning in ambulatory care settings: a thematic review of the literature. Acad Med. 1995;70(10): 898–936.
Stritter FT. Faculty evaluation and development. In: McGuire CH, Foley RP, Gorr A, Richards RW, eds. Handbook of Health Professions Education. San Francisco, Calif: Jossey-Bass; 1983:294–318.
Skeff KM, Berman J, Stratos G. A review of clinical teaching improvement methods and a theoretical framework for their evaluation. In: Edwards JC, Marier RL, eds. Clinical Teaching for Medical Residents: Roles, Techniques and Programs. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company; 1988:93–121.
Dinham SM, Stritter FT. Research on professional education. In: Wittrock MC, ed. Handbook of Research on Teaching. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Macmillan Publishing Co; 1986:952–70.
Bland CJ, Schmitz CC, Stritter FT, Henry RC, Aluise JJ. Successful Faculty in Academic Medicine: Essential Skills and How to Acquire Them. New York, NY: Springer Publication; 1990.
Fellowship Directory for Family Physicians. Kansas City, MO: American Academy of Family Physicians/Society of Teachers of Family Medicine; 1995.
Fellowship Directory for General Internal Medicine. Washington, DC: Society of General Internal Medicine; 1996.
General Pediatric Fellowships, within a compendium of all pediatrics fellowships. Pediatr. January 1996.
Ramsey CN, Hitchcock MA. A statewide model for faculty development in family medicine. J Fam Pract. 1980;11:421–6.
Hitchcock MA, Lamkin BD, Mygdal WK, Clarke CM, O'Connor Clarke S. Affective changes in faculty development fellows in family medicine. J Med Educ. 1986;61:394–403.
Patridge MI, Harris IB, Petzel RA. Implementation and evaluation of a faculty development prgram to improve clinical teaching. J Med Educ. 1980;55:711–3.
Lipkin M, Putman S, Lazare A, eds. The Medical Interview. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag; 1995.
Mygdal WK. The Texas Statewide Preceptorship Program: A decade of service to family medicine in Texas. Texas Fam Phys. 1990;41(4):8.
Cole DR, Lieberman JA, Fox TG. Developing the private practice physician as a teacher of family medicine. Famm Med. 1983;15:43–6.
Howard DM, Bass EB, Kern DE. Evaluation of a faculty development program on curricular innovation for academic and practicing internists. Proceedings of the conference: Teaching Internal Medicine; October, 1991: Chicago, Ill.
Roberts KB, DeWitt TG. Faculty development of pediatric practitioners: complexities in teaching clinical precepting. Pediatrics. 1996;97:389–93.
Brooks B, Gephart D, Ladd-Brown L. Engaging community-based preceptors: redefining their role with the academic medical center. Eighth Biennial Teaching Internal Medicine Symposium: September, 1995.
Anderson J, Hess G, Rody N, Smith W. Improving a community preceptorship through a clinical faculty development program. Fam Med. 1991;23:387–8.
Hewson M. The Wisconsin Teaching Improvement Program. Presented at workshop on Improving Medical Teaching: A Case-based Approach to Effective Teaching Strategies. AAMC Annual Meeting. Washington, DC. November 1995.
Flynn SP, Bedinghause J, Snyder C, Heckelman F. Peer coaching in clinical teaching: a case report. Fam Med. 1994;26:569–70.
Lesky LG, Wilkerson L. Using “standardized students” to teach a learner-centered approach to ambulatory precepting. Acad Med. 1994;69:955–7.
Simpson DE, Lawrence SL, Krogull SR. Using standardized ambulatory teaching situations for faculty development. Teach Learn Med. 1992;4:58–61.
Foley R, Smilansky J, Bughman E, Sajid A. A departmental approach for improving lecture skills of medical teachers. Med Educ. 1976;10:369–73.
Bazuin CH, Yonke AM. Improvement of teaching skills in a clinical setting. J Med Educ. 1978;53:377–82.
Hafler JP. The New Pathway—problem-based faculty development. Presented at workshop on Improving Medical Teaching: A Casebased Approach to Effective Teaching Strategies. AAMC Annual Meeting, Washington, DC, November 1995.
Rosenblum ND, Nagler J, Lovejoy FH, Jr, Hafler JP. The pedagogic characteristics of a clinical conference for senior residents and faculty. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1995;149:1023–8.
Heestand D, Garman K, Fisher D. Faculty development through distance learning. Acad Med. 1996;71:567.
Lye P, Simpson D, Wendelberger K. Building clinicians' teacher knowledge. Acad Med. 1996;71:569–70.
Teaching Internal Medicine, Conference Proceedings. Washington, DC: Association of Professors of Medicine/Association of Program Directors in Internal Medicine.
Westberg J, Whitman N. Resource materials for faculty development. Fam Med. 1997. In Press.
Bland CJ, Schmitz CC. An overview of research on faculty and institutional vitality. In: Schuster JH, Wheeler DW, eds. Enhancing Faculty Careers: Strategies for Renewal. San Francisco, Calif: Jossey-Bass: 1988:41–64.
Bland CJ, Stritter FT. Characteristics of effective family medicine faculty development programs. Fam Med. 1988;20:282–8.
Skeff KM, Stratos GA, Bergen MR. Faculty Development for Community-Based Teachers. Final Report submitted to American College of Physicians, Philadelphia, Pa; 1996.
Rosenthal TL, Bandura A. Psychological modeling: theory and practice. In: Garfield SL, Bergin AE, eds. Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change: An Empirical Analysis. New York, NY: Wiley; 1978.
Knowles M. The Adult Learner: A Neglected Species. Houston, Tex: Gulf: 1978.
Trower P, Bryant B, Argyle M. Social Skills and Mental Health. London, UK: Methuen; 1978.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Some of the text and Table I of this article duplicates material being published this month inFamily Medicine in an article titled, “Clinical Teaching Improvement: Past and Future for Faculty Development.” The editors of both journals have agreed to simultaneous publication.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Skeff, K.M., Stratos, G.A., Mygdal, W. et al. Faculty development a resource for clinical teachers. J Gen Intern Med 12 (Suppl 2), S56–S63 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.12.s2.8.x
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.12.s2.8.x