Abstract
Using indirect calorimetry, we examined 1632 young males aged 17 to 21 years, belonging to the Europeoid (Caucasian) race and residing permanently in the city of Magadan. Depending on the duration of adaptation to the conditions of the Northeast of Russia, all male subjects were divided into 3 groups of generation 1, 2 and 3 descendants and a group of newcomers (migrants or adaptants) residing in the Magadan Region for a short period of time (generation 0). It was established that in the lineage from generations 0 to 3 there occurred an optimization of the ventilatory characteristics of the external respiration apparatus aimed at cutting respiratory heat losses during adaptation to extreme conditions of the Northeast, i.e. a decrease in the tidal volume, tidal minute volume, and respiratory rate. Relevant rearrangements of the ventilatory pattern in subjects with a longer duration of residence under the same extreme conditions are paralleled by an improvement of oxygen transport and more efficient use of each respiratory cycle.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Snodgrass, J.J., Health of indigenous circumpolar populations, Annu. Rev. Anthropol., 2013, vol. 42, (1), pp. 69–87.
Muzik, O., Reilly, K.T., and Diwadkar, V.A., “Brain over body”-A study on the willful regulation of autonomic function during cold exposure, NeuroImage, 2018, vol. 172, pp. 632–641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.01.067
Leonard, W.R., Snodgrass, J.J., and Sorensen, M.V., Metabolic adaptation in indigenous Siberian populations, Annu. Rev. Anthropol., 2005, vol. 34, pp. 451–471.
Farber, J.P., Teaching control of breathing using models applicable to clinical situations, Adv. Physiol. Edu., 1997, vol. 18 (1), pp. S75–S84.
Davidovskaya, E.I., Slipchenko, E.G., and Hapalyuk, A.V., A study of external respiration function in therapeutic practice: novel opportunities, Med. Novosti, 2005, vol. 3, pp. 81–84.
Popova, O.N., Kharakteristika adaptivnykh reaktsii vneshnego dykhaniya u molodykh lits trudosposobnogo vozrasta, zhitelei Evropeiskogo Severa (Characterization of adaptive reactions of external respiration in young individuals of working age, inhabitants of the European North), Doctorate Sci. Diss., Moscow, 2009.
Grishin, O.V., Shishkin, G.S., and Nikol’skaya, O.E., Three types of reactions of the respiratory system to breathing cold air in migrants during adaptation to the North, Osobennosti zabolevanii terapevticheskogo profilya i ikh profilaktika sredi zhitelei Chukotki (Features of therapeutic diseases and their prevention among inhabitants of Chukotka), Anadyr, 1990, pp. 12–13.
Scheid, P., Physiology of respiration, Fundamental'naya klinicheskaya fiziologiya (Fundamental Clinical Physiology), Moscow, 2004, pp. 773–838.
Gudkov, A.B. and Popova, O.N., Vneshnee dykhanie cheloveka na Evropeiskom Severe (External respiration of the person in the European North), Arkhangelsk, 2012.
Shishkin, G.S., Goncharov, V.V., and Valitskaya, R.I., Features of parameters of the bronchial tree in inhabitants of the North, Morfol., 2001, vol. 119, (1), pp. 55–59.
Grishin, O.V., Mitrofanov, I.M., and Ustyuzhaninova, N.V., The system of external respiration in transition from health to chronic diseases, Byul. SO RAMN, 2004, vol. 2, pp. 118–122.
Shishkin, G.S. and Petrunev, S.A., Features of pulmonary ventilation in breathing low-temperature air, Fiziol. Chel., 1995, vol. 21 (2), p. 61.
Sarychev, A.S., Kharakteristika adaptivnykh reaktsii organizma vakhtovykh rabochikh v usloviyakh zapolyar'ya (Characterization of adaptive reactions of an organism of rotational workers in conditions of the polar region, Doctorate Sci. Diss., Arkhangelsk, 2012.
Agadzhanyan, N.A., Gnevushev, V.V., and Katkov, A.Yu., Adaptatsiya k gipoksii i bioekonomika vneshnego dykhaniya (Adaptation to Hypoxia and Bioeconomy of External Respiration), Moscow, 1987.
Irzhak, L.I. and Dmitrieva, S.P., Sposob opredeleniya kislorodnogo rezerva v organizme cheloveka putem izmereniya potrebnosti v kislorode (A method to determine an oxygen reserve in a human organism by measuring oxygen demand), Byul. Izobr., 36:34. 2006.
Kozyreva, T.V. and Simonova, T.G., Moduliruyushchee vliyanie termoretseptorov na dykhanie cheloveka (The modulatory effect of thermoreceptors on human breathing), Vestnik RAMN, 1998, vol. 10, pp. 14–18.
Solberg, G., Robstad, B., and Skjшnsberg, O.H., Respiratory gas exchange indices for estimating the anaerobic threshold, J. Sport Sci. Med., 2005, vol. 4, pp. 29–36.
Struchkov, P.V., Vinitskaya, R.S., and Lyukevich, I.A., Vvedenie v funktsional'nuyu diagnostiku vneshnego dykhaniya (Introduction to Functional Diagnostics of External Respiration, Moscow, 1996.
Lin, C.C, Hsieh, W.Y., Chou, C.S., and Liaw, S.F., Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol., 2006, vol. 150, (1), pp. 27–34.
Yakimenko, M.A., Simonova, T.G., Pichkurov, A.M., and Tataurov, Yu.A., The impact of cold adaptation on indicators of external respiration in hypercapnia, Fiziol. Chel., 1989, vol. 15, (5), pp. 148–155.
Roshchevsky, L.S., Evdokimov, V.G., Varlamova, N.G., and Rogachevskaya, O.V., Seasonal and social influences on the cardiorespiratory system of inhabitants of the North, Fiziol. Chel., 1995, vol. 21, (6), pp. 55–69.
Evdokimov, V.G., Rogachevskaya, O.V., and Varlamova, N.G., Moduliruyushchee vliyanie faktorov severa na kardiorespiratornuyu sistemu cheloveka v ontogeneze (The modulatory Influence of Factors of the North on Human Cardiorespiratory System in Ontogenesis), Ekaterinburg, 2007.
Krivoshchekov, S.G., Divert, G.M., and Divert, V.E., The response of subjects trained to hold their breath to intermittent normobaric hypoxia, Fiziol. Chel., 2007, vol. 33, (3), pp. 75–80.
Boiko, E.R., Fiziologo-biokhimicheskie osnovy zhiznedeyatel'nosti cheloveka na Severe (Physiological and Biochemical Basis of Human Vital Activity in the North), Yekaterinburg, 2005.
Rovnaya, O.A. and Ilyin, V.N., Features of adaptive reactions of system of breath highly skilled sportswomen synchronous swimming during intermittent hypoxic training (IHT), Probl. Fizychn. Vykh. Sportu, 2010, vol. 9, pp. 71–75.
Neverova, N.P., Sostoyanie vegetativnykh funktsii u zdorovykh lyudei v usloviyakh Krainego Severa (Vegetative functions in healthy people in conditions of the Far North), Doctorate Sci. Diss., Novosibirsk, 1972.
McLean, J.A. and Tobin, G., Animal and Human Calorimetry, Cambridge, 1990.
Katzmarzyk, P.T., Leonard, W.R., Crawford, M.H., and Sukernik, R.I., Resting metabolic rate and daily energy expenditure among two indigenous Siberian populations, Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2014, vol. 6, pp. 719–730.
Reed, H.L., Brice, D., Shakir, K.M.M., Burman, K.D., D’Alesandro, M.M., and O’Brian, J.T., Decreased free fraction of thyroid hormones after prolonged Antarctic residence, J. Appl. Physiol., 1990, vol. 69, pp. 1467–1472.
Palinkas, L.A. and Suedfeld, P., Psychological effects of polar expeditions, Lancet, 2008, vol. 371, pp. 153–163.
Lichtenbelt, W.M., Kingma, B., Van Der Lans, A., and Schellen, L., Cold exposure-an approach to increasing energy expenditure in humans, Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 2014, vol. 25, pp. 165–167.
Ruiz-Pesini, E., Mishmar, D., Brandon, M., Procaccio, V., and Wallace, D.C., Effects of purifying and adaptive selection on regional variation in human mtDNA, Science, 2004, vol. 303, pp. 223–226.
Funding
This work was supported by budget funding to the Arktika Scientific Research Center (Magadan, Russia).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
All human subjects gave their written informed consent to be involved in this study. All procedures met ethical standards formulated in the Declaration of Helsinki (1964) and its subsequent variants.
Additional information
Russian Text © The Author(s), 2019, published in Zhurnal Evolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii, 2019, Vol. 55, No. 6, pp. 407–4413.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Averyanova, I.V., Vdovenko, S.I. The Dynamics of Gas Analysis Parameters in Young Males of the Magadan Region from Different Generations of Europeoid Migrants and Adaptants. J Evol Biochem Phys 55, 456–462 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0022093019060036
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0022093019060036