Abstract
The use of the simplest Heisenberg or Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya-type spin Hamiltonians traditional for the ground orbital nondegenerate states does not allow the features of the exchange and exchange-relativistic couplings for the excited states of 3d and 4f ions in crystals to be correctly described. We have considered a generalized Hamiltonian of the exchange and superexchange couplings, which makes it possible to take into account the effects of orbital (quasi)degeneracy and the exchange mechanism of excitation transfer using a single approach. A new mechanism of the spin–other orbit exchange-relativistic couplings is discussed, in particular, the spin–orbital analog of the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction and its manifestation in the circular magnetooptics of weak ferromagnets.
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This study was supported by the Government of the Russian Federation, Program 211, agreement no. 02.A03.21.0006 and the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, projects nos. 2277 and 5719.
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Moskvin, A.S. Exchange and Exchange-Relativistic Effects in the Excited States of 3d Ions in Crystals. Phys. Solid State 61, 887–893 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063783419050184
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063783419050184