AC Stark effect in toroidal carbon nanotubes threaded with an ac magnetic flux

Abstract:

The ac Stark effect is investigated in the toroidal carbon nanotube system threaded with an ac magnetic flux. The Floquet theory is employed to deal with the time-dependent quantum problems. The time-averaged energy of the system is derived and is found to exhibit a strong relationship with an external field, and the modified energy gap has been presented. The ac flux enhances energy gaps to cause metal-semiconductor transition. The steady current has been obtained by employing the free energy approach, and the persistent current is a special case as the magnitude of the ac flux approaches zero. The photon-assisted current is quite different from the persistent current due to the absorption and emission of photons. The local density of states is obtained by calculating the Green's function in the Floquet state, and photon-resonant structures are observed. All of the novel features are associated with the ac Stark effect, which is caused by the modification of energy levels.