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Numerical simulation to model the effect of injection velocity on the thermo-hydraulic behavior of the microchannel fluid flow via Navier–Stokes equations joined with the slip velocity boundary condition

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Abstract

The injection is one of the main factors to improve the heat transfer in the macro and microscale devices, especially in microchannels. The present research focuses on the impacts of injection velocity on heat transfer and fluid flow by utilizing computational fluid dynamics. The results claimed that the injections intensified both thermal and hydraulic gradient next to the wall in front of injection locations. Furthermore, the findings showed that there is a 25.22% enhancement in heat transfer in a microchannel with injection. When the injection was released in the microchannel at a higher velocity, a higher heat transfer was achieved While the lower Reynolds number (Re = 5) resulted in minimal heat transfer, at a higher Reynolds number (Re = 100) the microchannel achieved about 328% improvement. Moreover, increasing the present nanofluid volume fraction resulted in a higher heat transfer.

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Data Availability Statement

This manuscript has associated data in a data repository. [Authors’ comment: The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.]

Abbreviations

\(C\) p :

Specific heat\((\frac{\mathrm{J }}{\mathrm{kg}.\mathrm{K}})\)

h :

Microchannel height (um)

H :

Dimensionless microchannel

HT:

Heat transfer (W)

l :

Microchannel length (um)

L :

Dimensionless microchannel length

Nu:

Nusselt number

\(\overline{p}\) :

Pressure (Pa)

P :

Dimensionless pressure

Pr:

Prandtl number

Re:

Reynolds number

T :

Temperature (K)

u :

Horizontal velocity\((\frac{\mathrm{m }}{\mathrm{s}})\)

U :

Dimensionless horizontal velocity

u s :

Slip velocity\((\frac{\mathrm{m }}{\mathrm{s}})\)

U s :

Dimensionless slip velocity

v :

Vertical velocity\((\frac{\mathrm{m }}{\mathrm{s}})\)

V :

Dimensionless vertical velocity

X, Y :

Dimensionless horizontal/vertical coordinates

z :

Distance to rib (um)

\({\beta }^{*}\) :

Dimensionless slip coefficient

β :

Slip coefficient (mm)

φ :

Volume fraction of nanoparticles (%)

µ :

Dynamic viscosity (\(\frac{\mathrm{N}.\mathrm{s }}{{\mathrm{m}}^{2}}\))

θ :

Dimensionless temperature

ρ :

Density\((\frac{\mathrm{kg }}{{\mathrm{m}}^{3}})\)

ϑ :

Kinematic viscosity \((\frac{{\mathrm{m}}^{2} }{\mathrm{s}})\)

α :

Thermal diffusivity

ave:

Average

c :

Cold

eff:

Effective

f :

Fluid

h :

Hot

i :

Inlet

nf:

Nanofluid

s :

Slip

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Acknowledgements

The first author is thankful to the Science Foundation of Donghai Laboratory, China (No. DH-2022KF0302) and this research has received funding from the Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021 under Project Contract No 2020/37/K/ST8/02748.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Donghai Laboratory, Zhoushan Zhejiang, 316021, China

    W. Wei & Z. Li

  2. Physics Department, College of Science, Majmaah University, AL-Majmaah, Al-Zulfi, 11952, Saudi Arabia

    Iskander Tlili

  3. Independent researcher, Khartoum, Sudan

    Mustafa Mahmoud

  4. Department of Nutrition, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

    S. Mohammad Sajadi

  5. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Opole University of Technology, 45758, Opole, Poland

    Z. Li

  6. Yonsei Frontier Lab, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea

    Z. Li

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  1. W. Wei
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Correspondence to Z. Li.

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Focus Point on Rarefied Flows at Micro- and Nano-Scale. Guest editors: A. Karimipour, K. Hooman, A. D'Orazio, R. Kalbasi.

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Wei, W., Tlili, I., Mahmoud, M. et al. Numerical simulation to model the effect of injection velocity on the thermo-hydraulic behavior of the microchannel fluid flow via Navier–Stokes equations joined with the slip velocity boundary condition. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 137, 1363 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-022-03565-y

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