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Endoscopic Retrograde Biliary Drainage Causes Intra-Abdominal Abscess in Pancreaticoduodenectomy Patients: An Important But Neglected Risk Factor

  • Pancreatic Tumors
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Annals of Surgical Oncology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Patients with periampullary cancer frequently suffer obstructive jaundice and commonly require preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) for relief and to avoid related complications. Although research has established a correlation between PBD and surgical wound infection, the impact of PBD on major infectious complications (intra-abdominal abscess [IAA]) and overall mortality remains debatable. We hypothesized that PBD could lead to IAA and mortality, and evaluated their correlation in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).

Methods

We enrolled patients undergoing PD at an Asian academic medical center between 2007 and 2016. The types of PBD included endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage (ERBD) and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and drainage (PTCD). The primary outcome was IAA, defined as the presence of pus or infected fluid inside the abdominal cavity and with documented infectious pathogens.

Results

There was one (0.1%) 30-day mortality and eight (0.9%) 90-day mortalities among 899 consecutive patients examined. More than one-quarter of patients had PBD (n = 237, 26.4%; 165 ERBD, 72 PTCD). In the ERBD, PTCD, and non-PBD groups, the IAA rates were 37.0%, 16.7%, and 10.6%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, ERBD (odds ratio 3.67; 95% confidence interval 2.22–6.06; p < 0.001) was the only significant factor associated with IAA. No significant factor was found to analyze variables associated with mortality.

Conclusions

ERBD, but not PTCD, is associated with an increased risk of IAA in patients undergoing PD, which suggests that ERBD should be avoided whenever possible to prevent IAA. Further randomized clinical trials should be conducted to validate this relationship.

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Acknowledgment

This study was supported by Grant Number 107-2634-F-002-015 from the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, which had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

    Jin-Ming Wu MD, PhD, Te-Wei Ho PhD, Hung-Hsuan Yen MD, Chien-Hui Wu MD, Ting-Chun Kuo MD, Ching-Yao Yang MD, PhD & Yu-Wen Tien MD, PhD

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  1. Jin-Ming Wu MD, PhD
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  2. Te-Wei Ho PhD
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  3. Hung-Hsuan Yen MD
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  4. Chien-Hui Wu MD
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  6. Ching-Yao Yang MD, PhD
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  7. Yu-Wen Tien MD, PhD
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Correspondence to Yu-Wen Tien MD, PhD.

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Wu, JM., Ho, TW., Yen, HH. et al. Endoscopic Retrograde Biliary Drainage Causes Intra-Abdominal Abscess in Pancreaticoduodenectomy Patients: An Important But Neglected Risk Factor. Ann Surg Oncol 26, 1086–1092 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-019-07189-y

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