Abstract
A grating interferometer, called the “optical encoder,” is a commonly used tool for precise displacement measurements. In contrast to a laser interferometer, a grating interferometer is insensitive to the air refractive index and can be easily applied to multi-degree-of-freedom measurements, which has made it an extensively researched and widely used device. Classified based on the measuring principle and optical configuration, a grating interferometer experiences three distinct stages of development: homodyne, heterodyne, and spatially separated heterodyne. Compared with the former two, the spatially separated heterodyne grating interferometer could achieve a better resolution with a feature of eliminating periodic nonlinear errors. Meanwhile, numerous structures of grating interferometers with a high optical fold factor, a large measurement range, good usability, and multi-degree-of-freedom measurements have been investigated. The development of incremental displacement measuring grating interferometers achieved in recent years is summarized in detail, and studies on error analysis of a grating interferometer are briefly introduced.
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Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51605120, 51675138, and 61675058) and the National Science and Technology Major Project, China (No. 2017ZX02101006-005)
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Hu, Pc., Chang, D., Tan, Jb. et al. Displacement measuring grating interferometer: a review. Frontiers Inf Technol Electronic Eng 20, 631–654 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.1800708
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.1800708