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Central Nervous System Injuries in Sport and Recreation

A Systematic Review

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Abstract

Many sports have been associated with a variety of neurological injuries affecting the central nervous system (CNS), with some injuries specific to that sport. A systematic review of sport-specific CNS injuries has not been attempted previously, and could assist in the understanding of morbidity and mortality associated with particular sporting activities, either professional or amateur. A systematic review of the literature was performed using PubMed (1965–2003) examining all known sports and a range of possible CNS injuries attributable to that sport. Numerous sporting activities (45) have associated CNS injuries as reported within the literature. The sports most commonly associated with CNS injuries are: football, boxing, hockey, use of a trampoline, and various winter activities. A number of sporting activities are associated with unique CNS injuries or injury-related diseases such as heat stroke in auto racing, vertebral artery dissection in the martial arts, and dementia pugilistica in boxing. Neurological injuries of the CNS due to sport comprise a wide collection of maladies that are important for the neurologist, neurosurgeon, orthopaedic surgeon, physiatrist, sports medicine doctor, athletic trainer and general physician to recognise.

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No sources of funding were used to assist in the preparation of this review. The authors have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this review.

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  1. Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Room 128, Heritage Medical Research Building, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, AB T2N 4N1, Canada

    Cory Toth & Stephen McNeil

  2. Department of Medicine, University of Alberta and Capital Health, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

    Thomas Feasby

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Toth, C., McNeil, S. & Feasby, T. Central Nervous System Injuries in Sport and Recreation. Sports Med 35, 685–715 (2005). https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200535080-00003

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