Summary and Outlook
As mentioned above, our discussion of the contributions to this book was organized not on a chapter-by-chapter basis but with an integrative perspective in mind. Our aim was to suggest commonalities and differences that emerge across the contributions, relate the results to the framing approach, and point to related meta-theoretical approaches in an attempt to put the theoretical approach of Lindenberg (this volume) to solidarity and prosocial behavior in perspective.
The conceptual issues on which the research on prosocial behavior presented in this book focused are the following. One basic issue is whether prosocial behavior is consistent across different measures, including measures of antisocial behavior. From the framing perspective, consistency among measures of prosocial behavior is expected, but this is not necessarily the case among measures of prosocial and antisocial behavior. Some of the main topics which run through the chapters of this volume include the principle of reciprocity, trust in social relationships, intergroup cooperation, structural factors that mold helpfulness in organizations, including interdependence and embeddedness, and hidden structural determinants of prosocial behavior, which relate to cultural and environmental influences. These topics constitute the main points of the agenda for future research on prosocial behavior and solidarity. This research will hopefully profit from the theory of framing outlined by Lindenberg (this volume) as well as from the other theoretical accounts that were taken into account, especially evolutionary theory. Although gaps between disciplines (e.g., psychology, sociology, biology) are obvious because they focus on different issues and use different methods, they have very much to offer to each other and hopefully will profit a lot in their future advances if interdisciplinary exchange is pursued more thoroughly.
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Bierhoff, HW., Fetchenhauer, D. (2006). How to Explain Prosocial and Solidary Behavior: A Comparison of Framing Theory with Related Meta-Theoretical Paradigms. In: Fetchenhauer, D., Flache, A., Buunk, B., Lindenberg, S. (eds) Solidarity and Prosocial Behavior. Critical Issues in Social Justice. Springer, Boston, MA . https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28032-4_14
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