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Sulfonamides in the Environment as Veterinary Drugs

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Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

Part of the book series: Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ((RECT,volume 187))

Summary

SAs, a structurally related group of antibiotics containing a similar 4-aminobenzene sulfonamide backbone, are used in agriculture, aquaculture, animal husbandry, and also as human medicines. Competing with p-aminobenzoic acid in the enzymatic synthesis of dihydrofolic acid, SAs inhibit the growth and reproduction of bacteria. Once released to the environment, SAs distribute themselves among different environmental compartments, along with their degradation products, and are transported to surface water and groundwater. The physicochemical properties, the dosage applied and the nature of the environmental components with which they interact, govern the whole process. SAs, as a class, are less sorptive, impersistent, and leachable. They cannot be characterized as readily biodegradable. Their adsorption to soil increases with the aromaticity and electronegativity of functional groups attached to the sulfonyl phenyl amine core. Preferential flow in clay soils has been identified as a mechanism responsible for surface water contamination by SAs.

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  1. Institute of Environmental Research, University of Dortmund, Otto Hahn Strasse 6, 44221, Dortmund, Germany

    Premasis Sukul & Michael Spiteller

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  1. Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico

    Lilia A. Albert

  2. Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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  3. Tucson, Arizona, USA

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Sukul, P., Spiteller, M. (2006). Sulfonamides in the Environment as Veterinary Drugs. In: Ware, G.W., et al. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol 187. Springer, New York, NY . https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-32885-8_2

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