Skip to main content

How to Train a Classifier Based on the Huge Face Database?

  • Conference paper
Analysis and Modelling of Faces and Gestures (AMFG 2005)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNIP,volume 3723))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

The development of web and digital camera nowadays has made it easier to collect more than hundreds of thousands of examples. How to train a face detector based on the collected enormous face database? This paper presents a manifold-based method to subsample. That is, we learn the manifold from the collected face database and then subsample training set by the estimated geodesic distance which is calculated during the manifold learning. Using the subsampled training set based on the manifold, we train an AdaBoost-based face detector. The trained detector is tested on the MIT+CMU frontal face test set. The experimental results show that the proposed method is effective and efficient to train a classifier confronted with the huge database.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Belkin, M., Niyogi, P.: Laplacian eigenmaps and spectral techniques for embedding and clustering. In: Advances in Neural Inform. Proc. Systems, vol. 14, pp. 585–591. MIT Press, Cambridge (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bernstein, M., de Silva, V., Langford, J., Tenenbaum, J.: Graph approximations to geodesics on embedded manifolds. Technical report, Department of Psychology, Stanford University (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Brand, M.: Charting a manifold. In: Advances in Neural Information Proc. Systems, vol. 15, pp. 961–968. MIT Press, Cambridge (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Donoho, D.L., Grimes, C.: When does ISOMAP recover natural parameterization of families of articulated images? Technical Report 2002-27, Depart. of Statistics, Stanford University (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Froba, B., Ernst, A.: Fast Frontal-View Face Detection Using a Multi-Path Decision Tree. In: Proceedings of Audio and Video based Biometric Person Authentication, pp. 921–928 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Heisele, B., Poggio, T., Pontil, M.: Face Detection in Still Gray Images. CBCL Paper #187. MIT, Cambridge (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Hsu, R.L., Abdel-Mottaleb, M., Jain, A.K.: Face detection in color images. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell., 696–706 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Hundley, D.R., Kirby, M.J.: Estimation of topological dimension. In: Proc. SIAM International Conference on Data Mining (2003), http://www.siam.org/meetings/sdm03/proceedings/sdm03_18.pdf

  9. Jenkins, O.C., Mataric, M.J.: Automated derivation of behavior vocabularies for autonomous humanoid motion. In: Proc. of the Second Int’l Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, Melbourne, Australia (July 2003)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Law, M.H., Zhang, N., Jain, A.K.: Nonlinear Manifold Learning for Data Stream. In: Proc. of SIAM Data Mining, Florida, pp. 33–44 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Li, S.Z., Zhu, L., Zhang, Z.Q., Blake, A., Zhang, H.J., Shum, H.: Statistical Learning of Multi-View Face Detection. In: Proc. of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Liu, C., Shum, H.Y.: Kullback-Leibler Boosting. In: Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE Conf. on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2003 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Liu, C.J.: A Bayesian Discriminating Features Method for Face Detection. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. and Machine Intel., 725–740 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Osuna, E., Freund, R., Girosi, F.: Training support vector machines: An application to face detection. In: Proc. IEEE Conf. on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 130–136 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Papageorgiou, C.P., Oren, M., Poggio, T.: A general framework for object detection. In: Proc. 6th Int. Conf. Computer Vision, pp. 555–562 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Pettis, K., Bailey, T., Jain, A.K., Dubes, R.: An intrinsic dimensionality estimator from near-neighbor information. IEEE Trans. of Pattern Analysis and Machine Intel. 25–36 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Roweis, S.T., Saul, L.K.: Nonlinear dimensionality reduction by locally linear embedding. Science 290, 2323–2326 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Roweis, S.T., Saul, L.K., Hinton, G.E.: Global coordination of local linear models. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 14, pp. 889–896. MIT Press, Cambridge (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Rowley, H.A., Baluja, S., Kanade, T.: Neural Network-Based Face Detection. IEEE Tr. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intel. 23–38 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Rowley, H.A., Baluja, S., Kanade, T.: Rotation Invariant Neural Network-Based Face Detection. In: Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Rec., pp. 38–44 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Schneiderman, H., Kanade, T.: A Statistical Method for 3D Object Detection Applied to Faces. In: Comp. Vision and Pattern Recog., pp. 746–751 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Sung, K.K., Poggio, T.: Example-Based Learning for View-Based Human Face Detection. IEEE Trans. on PAM. 39–51 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Viola, P., Jones, M.: Rapid Object Detection Using a Boosted Cascade of Simple Features. In: Conf. Comp. Vision and Pattern Recog., pp. 511–518 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Teh, Y.W., Roweis, S.T.: Automatic alignment of local representations. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 15, pp. 841–848. MIT Press, Cambridge (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Tenenbaum, B.J., Silva, V., Langford, J.: A Global Geometric Framework for Nonlinear Dimensionality Reduction. Science 290, 2319–2323 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Verbeek, J.J., Vlassis, N., Krose, B.: Coordinating principal component analyzers. In: Dorronsoro, J.R. (ed.) ICANN 2002. LNCS, vol. 2415, pp. 914–919. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  27. Verbeek, J.J., Vlassis, N., Krose, B.: Fast nonlinear dimensionality reduction with topology preserving networks. In: Proc. 10th European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks, pp. 193–198 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Xiao, R., Li, M.J., Zhang, H.J.: Robust Multipose Face Detection in Images. IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 14(1), 31–41 (2004)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  29. Yang, M.-H.: Face recognition using extended ISOMAP. In: Processing International Conf. on Image, pp.117–120 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Yang, M.H., Roth, D., Ahuja, N.: A SNoW-Based Face Detector. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 12, pp. 855–861. MIT Press, Cambridge (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Yang, M.H., Kriegman, D., Ahuja, N.: Detecting Faces in Images: A Survey. IEEE Tr. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 24, 34–58 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Zha, H., Zhang, Z.: Isometric embedding and continuum ISOMAP. In: International Conference on Machine Learning (2003), http://www.hpl.hp.com/conferences/icml2003/papers/8.pdf

  33. http://www.ai.mit.edu/projects/cbcl/software-dataset/index.html

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Chen, J., Wang, R., Yan, S., Shan, S., Chen, X., Gao, W. (2005). How to Train a Classifier Based on the Huge Face Database?. In: Zhao, W., Gong, S., Tang, X. (eds) Analysis and Modelling of Faces and Gestures. AMFG 2005. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3723. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11564386_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11564386_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-29229-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-32074-6

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics