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Synaptic and Cellular Consequences of Hearing Loss

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Deafness

Part of the book series: Springer Handbook of Auditory Research ((SHAR,volume 47))

Abstract

Hearing loss reduces synaptic activity in the central nervous system (CNS), and this commonly disrupts the electrical properties of the CNS, principally synaptic and voltage-gated currents. Although no single principle explains each of the cellular alterations, many of these changes appear to be compensatory. That is, they serve to increase a neuron’s excitability, presumably in response to diminished sound-evoked input. This chapter explores how the age of hearing loss and the extent of cochlear dysfunction influence these cellular properties. Thus, hearing loss during development usually elicits more dramatic changes to cellular properties, and these are found throughout the entire auditory neuraxis. Surprisingly, even moderate hearing loss can lead to cellular alterations that are as significant as those produced by cochlear damage. The diminished perceptual abilities that accompany hearing loss have clear peripheral bases, but the studies discussed in this chapter suggest that CNS cellular properties may be equal contributors.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (DC009237 and DC011284).

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  1. Center for Neural Science and Department of Biology, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY, 10003, USA

    Dan H. Sanes

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Correspondence to Dan H. Sanes .

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  1. Hannover Medical School, Institute of Audioneurotechnology, Hannover, Germany

    Andrej Kral

  2. Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA

    Arthur N. Popper

  3. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA

    Richard R. Fay

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Sanes, D.H. (2013). Synaptic and Cellular Consequences of Hearing Loss. In: Kral, A., Popper, A., Fay, R. (eds) Deafness. Springer Handbook of Auditory Research, vol 47. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/2506_2013_5

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