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Pharmaceuticals in Drinking Water

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Emerging Organic Contaminants and Human Health

Part of the book series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC,volume 20))

Abstract

Pharmaceuticals are a group of emerging contaminants that has received noticeable attention over the past decade. Continual development of the advanced instruments and improved analytical methodologies made possible detection of these microcontaminants in low levels in different environmental matrices. Traces of pharmaceuticals have also been found in groundwater and surface water that are used for drinking water supply. Therefore, concern has been raised over the potential risk to human health from exposure to the pharmaceutical residues via drinking water. Still, there is no evidence that any serious risk could arise from low concentrations of pharmaceuticals found in drinking water. Anyhow, there is much more to be understood about long-term, low-level exposure to a mixture of pharmaceuticals and their metabolites. In the following chapter, we give a brief overview of the technologies commonly applied for drinking water treatment, with reference to pharmaceutical removal, and we review available literature data on the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in finished drinking water.

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Abbreviations

AOP:

Advanced oxidation processes

DBP:

Disinfection by-products

DWTP:

Drinking water treatment plant

ED:

Electrodialysis

EDC:

Endocrine-disrupting compounds

GAC:

Granular activated carbon

NF:

Nanofiltration

NOM:

Natural organic matter

NSAIDs:

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

MF:

Microfiltration

RO:

Reverse osmosis

PAC:

Powdered activated carbon

UF:

Ultrafiltration

WWTP:

Wastewater treatment plant

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), C/ Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain

    Aleksandra Jelić & Damià Barceló

  2. Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), c/Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain

    Mira Petrović & Damià Barceló

  3. Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluis Companys 23, 80010, Barcelona, Spain

    Mira Petrović

  4. King Saud University (KSU), 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Damià Barceló

Authors
  1. Aleksandra Jelić
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  2. Mira Petrović
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  3. Damià Barceló
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Correspondence to Aleksandra Jelić .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Jordi Girona 18 -26, Barcelona, 08034, Spain

    Damià Barceló

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© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011

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Jelić, A., Petrović, M., Barceló, D. (2012). Pharmaceuticals in Drinking Water. In: Barceló, D. (eds) Emerging Organic Contaminants and Human Health. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry(), vol 20. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2011_133

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