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Notes
- 1.
1Approximately 80 per cent% of the Bolivian rural population, some 2.5 million people, lives in the rural area of the Altiplano accounting for one-fifth of the territory (INEB, 2001).
- 2.
2In December 2005 presidential elections, Evo Morales became the first person of indigenous descent to be elected president of Bolivia.
- 3.
3Since 2005 there has been a policy in Chile to transfer the costs of vicuña management from the State to the beneficiaries.
- 4.
4Following welfare standards, shearing activities can only take place in spring after the cold winter and when female pregnancy is not advanced, or in autumn before the winter and when offspring have already been born.
- 5.
5It may, nevertheless, be argued that wild management is also feasible. In spite of the “individualistic” form of production, there are traditions of cooperative organizations (e.g. cooperatives of llama producers).
- 6.
6Repaying the debt can take from 3 to 10 years, depending ofn the amount of money owed to the firm, the number of vicuña shorn, and the proportion of the revenue that is used for repayment (which is by contract specified to be a minimum of 50 per cent%).
- 7.
7G. Lichtenstein personal observation.
- 8.
8Government agency in charge of camelid management.
- 9.
9In practice corrals may vary in size.
- 10.
10Vicuña population increased from 34,543 animals distributed in 3,428,356 ha in 1996 (DNCB 1996) to 56,383 vicuñas in 3,428,356 ha in 2002 (DGB 2002) and, from 4four communal management areas (CMA) in 1998 to more than 10ten CMA in 2002 (DGB 2002; Nadine Renaudeau d'Arc, pers. obs.).
- 11.
11Under the Vicuña National Regulation (1997), Government retains the right to store and auction vicuña fibre that can only be exported as cloth but there is a lack of technological capacity to process fibre into cloth (Renaudeau d' Arc, 2005, see Chapter. 3). For the 5 years between 2000 and 2005, Government debated possible measures to access commercialization, but communities have not reaped any economic benefits from participating in the Vicuña National Programme (http://www.mds.gov.bo/DGB/Vicuna).
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Stølen, K.A., Lichtenstein, G., Nadine, R.d. (2009). Local Participation in Vicuña Management. In: Gordon, I.J. (eds) The Vicuña. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09476-2_7
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