Key Effects in Nanoparticle Formation by Combustion Techniques

Abstract

This paper is devoted to a detailed analysis of processes accompanying nanoparticle formation in flames. These processes are treated in the contexts of both macro and micro approaches. The macro approach includes consideration of heat and mass transfer during particle growth from the gas phase. The leading role of radiation in the total heat exchange between a growing particle and its environment is a critical factor of a particle’s temperature history. It leads to the existence of a certain size of a particle growing in a flame. The micro approach shows the necessary generation of a large number of defects during the particle formation. The critical dependence of the defect concentration, and the emission characteristics for a particle growing under flame condition, are predicted. The proposed scheme for the description of the particle growth allows one to explain some experimentally observed peculiarities for particles formed in flames.