Abstract
A concept that utilizes the lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nano active fiber composites (NAFCs) to sense the acoustic emission (AE) for structural health monitoring (SHM) is demonstrated. The developed NAFCs consist of nanoscale PZT fibers with interdigitated electrodes on a silicon substrate. PZT nanofibers fabricated by an electrospinning process have a diameter of approximately 80 nm and aligned across the electrodes. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is severed as the polymer matrix and covers the sensor surfaces to protect nanofibers structures. The AE detection was demonstrated by both mounting the sensor on the surface of a steel table and embedding it in an epoxy structure. The output voltage reached the amplitude of 0.2 V in response to the acoustic wave generated by periodic impacts using a steel bar. The signal attenuation curves were measured to characterize the properties and demonstrate the anisotropic sensitivity of the PZT NAFCs sensor. The highly sensitive micro-sized PZT NAFCs sensors have promising applications in the SHM of composite structures such as the advanced carbon fiber-reinforced composites used in aerospace industry.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Chen X, Li J, Zhang G et al (2011) PZT nanoactive fiber composites for acoustic emission detection. Adv Mater 23:3964
Lin M, Chang FK (2002) The manufacture of composite structures with a built-in network of piezoceramics. Compos Sci Technol 62:919
Giugiutiu V, Redmond JM, Roach DP et al (2000) Active sensors for health monitoring of aging aerospace structures. SPIE Proc 3985:294
Perry CC (1987) Strain gauge measurements on plastics and composites. Strain 23:155–156
Tairova LP, Tsvetlov SV (1993) Specific features of strain measurement in composite materials. Mech Compos Mater 28:489–493
Singh H, Sirkis JS, Andrews J et al (1995) Evaluation of integrated optic modulator-based detection schemes for in-line fiber etalon sensors. J Lightwave Technol 13:1772
Todd MD, Johnson GA, Vohra ST (2001) Deployment of a fiber bragg grating-based measurement system in a structural health monitoring application. Smart Mater Struct 10:534
Adams DE (2007) Health monitoring of structural materials and components. Wiley, West Sussex
Barbezat M, Brunner AJ, Flueler P et al (2004) Acoustic emission sensor properties of active fibre composite elements compared with commercial acoustic emission sensors. Sens Actuators A 114:13
Park HW, Sohn H, Law KH et al (2007) Time reversal active sensing for health monitoring of a composite plate. Sound Vib 302:50
Bent A, Hagood NW (1995) Anisotropic actuation with piezoelectric fiber composites. J Intell Mater Syst Struct 3:338
Bent A, Hagood NW (1997) Piezoelectric fiber composites with interdigitated electrodes. J Intell Mater Syst Struct 8:903
Wilkie WK, Bryant RG, High JW et al (2000) Low-cost piezocomposite actuator for structural control applications. Proc SPIE 3991:323
Monkhouse RSC, Wilcox PW, Lowe MJS et al (2000) The rapid monitoring of structures using interdigital lamb wave transducers. Smart Mater Struct 9:304
Chen X, Xu SY, Yao N et al (2009) Potential measurement from a single lead ziroconate titanate nanofiber using a nanomanipulator. Appl Phys Lett 94:253113
Swallow LM, Luo JK, Siores E et al (2008) A piezoelectric fibre composite based energy harvesting device for potential wearable applications. Smart Mater Struct 17:025017
Thostenson ET, Chou TW (2006) Carbon nanotube networks: sensing of distributed strain and damage for life prediction and self healing. Adv Mater 18:2837
Yamada T, Hayamizu Y, Yamamoto Y et al (2011) A stretchable carbon nanotube strain sensor for human-motion detection. Nat Nanotechnol 6:296
Chen X, Xu SY, Yao N et al (2010) 1.6 V nanogenerator for mechanical energy harvesting using PZT nanofibers. Nano Lett 10:2133
Xu S, Qing Y, Xu C et al (2010) Self-powered nanowire devices. Nat Nanotechnol 5:366
Monkhouse RSC, Wilcox PD, Cawley P (1997) Flexible interdigital PVDF transducers for the generation of Lamb waves in structures. Ultrasonics 35:489
Chen X, Yao N, Yong S (2011) Energy harvesting based on PZT nanofibers. In: Zhang L (ed) Energy efficiency and renewable energy through nanotechnology. Springer Series in Nanoscience and Technology
Xu SY, Shi Y, Kim SG (2006) Fabrication and mechanical property of nano piezoelectric fibers. Nanotechnology 17:4497–4501
Li D (2003) Xia Y (2003) Fabrication of tatania nanofibers by electrospinning. Nano Lett 3:555–560
Li D, Wang Y, Xia Y (2004) Electrospinning nanofibers as uniaxially aligned arrays and layer-by-layer stacked films. Adv Mater 16:361–366
Wang ZL (2010) Piezotronic and piezophototronic effects. J Phys Chem Lett 1:1388
Zhu W, Rose JL (1999) Lamb wave generation and reception with time-delay periodic linear arrays: a BEM simulation and experimental study. IEEE Trans Ultrason 46:654–664
Acknowledgments
This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (Award No. CMMI-0826418 & No. ECCS-0802168). The authors would also like to thank J. Li and G. Zhang for useful discussions.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Chen, X., Shi, Y. (2013). PZT Nano Active Fiber Composites-Based Acoustic Emission Sensor. In: Guo, Y. (eds) Selected Topics in Micro/Nano-robotics for Biomedical Applications. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8411-1_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8411-1_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-8410-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-8411-1
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)