Abstract
Transplant vasculopathy is a key factor behind the late loss of transplanted organs. Since effective treatment is still lacking, a further understanding of the pathology of this process is important. Here, a rat model of aortic allografts was used and analyzed by immunohistochemistry and biochemical tests. Infrarenal aortic segments were transplanted from F344 to Lewis rats and analysed after 1-12 weeks using isografts as controls. After 1 week, endothelial cells gradually disappeared at the graft lumen as shown by von Willebrand factor staining and cellular activation was detected in the adventitia and intima using cellular retinol-binding protein-1 as a marker. Subsequently, proliferating smooth muscle cells, lymphocytes and macrophages accumulated in the intima as indicated by the appearance of staining for cell- and proliferation-specific antigens (smooth muscle a-actin, CD45RC, EDI, cyclin D1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen). After 4-8 weeks, TUNEL- and Fas-positive cells were observed in the media, denoting progressive apoptosis. In parallel, the developing neointima contained increased immunore-activity for fibronectin and osteopontin. At the end of the observation period, an accumulation of macrophages and calcification was observed in the media and endothelial cells reappeared at the graft surface. The findings demonstrate major cellular and structural changes in the transplanted artery, including activation, proliferation and apoptosis of SMCs, and an altered composition of the extracellular matrix. Possibly, the observed changes in SMC phenotype, cell cycle and apoptosis during development of transplant arteriosclerosis are related to the expression of extracellular matrix proteins. (Mol Cell Biochem 249: 75–83, 2003)
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Kouwenhoven EA, IJzermans JNM, de Bruin RW: Etiology and pathophysiology of chronic transplant dysfunction. Transpl Int 13: 385–401, 2000
Russell ME: Cardiac allograft vasculopathy — a changing perspective. Z Kardiol 89: IX/6–IX/10, 2000
Behrendt D, Ganz P, Fang JC: Cardiac allograft vasculopathy. Curr Opin Cardiol 15: 422–429, 2000
Sartore S, Chiavegato A, Faggin E, Franch R, Puato M, Ausoni S, Pauletto P: Contribution of adventitial fibroblasts to neointima formation and vascular remodeling: from innocent bystander to active participant. Circ Res 89: 1111–1121, 2001
Bojakowski K, Religa P, Bojakowska M, Hedin U, Gaciong Z, Thyberg J: Arteriosclerosis in rat aortic allografts: Early changes in endothelial integrity and smooth muscle phenotype. Transplantation 70: 65–72, 2000
Kuykindoll RJ, Nishimura H, Thomason DB, Nishimoto SK: Osteopontin expression in spontaneously developed neointima in fowl (Gallus gallus). J Exp Biol 203: 273–282, 2000
Thyberg J, Blomgren K, Roy J, Tran PK, Hedin U: Phenotypic modulation of smooth muscle cells after arterial injury is associated with changes in the distribution of laminin and fibronectin. J Histochem Cytochem 45: 837–846, 1997
Hancock WW, Shi C, Picard MH, Bianchi C, Russell ME: LEW-to-F344 carotid artery allografts: Analysis of a rat model of posttransplant vascular injury involving cell-mediated and humoral responses. Transplantation 60: 1565–1572, 1995
Neuville P, Geinoz A, Benzonana G, Redard M, Gabbiani F, Ropraz P, Gabbiani G: Cellular retinol-binding protein-1 is expressed by distinct subsets of rat arterial smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vivo. Am J Pathol 150: 509–521, 1997
Xu G, Redard M, Gabbiani G, Neuville P: Cellular retinol-binding protein-1 is transiently expressed in granulation tissue fibroblasts and differentially expressed in fibroblasts cultured from different organs. Am J Pathol 151: 1741–1749, 1997
Roy J, Phan Kiet Tran, Religa P, Kazi M, Lundmark K, Hedin U: Fibronectin promotes cell cycle entry in smooth muscle cells in primary culture. Exp Cell Res doi: 10.1006/excr.2001.5427, 2001
Rossmann P, Lacha J, Lodererova A: Morphology and immunohisto-chemistry of rat aortic grafts. Folia Microbiol 44: 339–353, 1999
Hirsch GM, Kearsey J, Burt T, Karnovsky MJ, Lee T: Medial smooth muscle cell loss in arterial allografts occurs by cytolytic cell induced apoptosis. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 14: 89–96, 1998
Giachelli CM, Steitz S: Osteopontin: A versatile regulator of inflammation and biomineralization (In process citation). Matrix Biol 19: 615–622, 2000
Bini A, Mann KG, Kudryk BJ, Schoen FJ: Noncollagenous bone matrix proteins, calcification, and thrombosis in carotid artery atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 19: 1852–1861, 1999
Plissonnier D, Nochy D, Poncet P, Mandet C, Hinglais N, Bariety J, Michel JB: Sequential immunological targeting of chronic experimental arterial allograft. Transplantation 60: 414–424, 1995
Hollenberg SM, Klein LW, Parrillo JE, Scherer M, Burns D, Tamburro P, Oberoi M, Johnson MR, Costanzo MR: Coronary endothelial dysfunction after heart transplantation predicts allograft vasculopathy and cardiac death. Circulation 104: 3091–3096, 2001
Luscher TF: Vascular protection: Current possibilities and future perspectives. Int J Clin Pract Suppl: 3–6, 2001
Little DM, Haynes LD, Alam T, Geraghty JG, Sollinger HW, Hullett DA: Does transforming growth factor beta 1 play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic allograft rejection? Transpl Int 12: 393–401, 1999
Bauters C, Isner JM: The biology of restenosis. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 40: 107–116, 1997
Boyle EM Jr., Lille ST, Allaire E, Clowes AW, Verrier ED: Endothelial cell injury in cardiovascular surgery: Atherosclerosis. Ann Thorac Surg 63: 885–894, 1997
Rose ML: Role of endothelial cells in allograft rejection. Vasc Med 2: 105–114, 1997
Wanders A, Akyurek ML, Waltenberger J, Ren ZP, Stafberg C, Funa K, Larsson E, Fellstrom B: Ischemia-induced transplant arteriosclerosis in the rat. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 15: 145–155, 1995
Gohra H, McDonald TO, Verrier ED, Aziz S: Endothelial loss and regeneration in a model of transplant arteriosclerosis. Transplantation 60: 96–102, 1995
Lin Y, Weisdorf DJ, Solovey A, Hebbel RP: Origins of circulating endothelial cells and endothelial outgrowth from blood (see comments). J Clin Invest 105: 71–77, 2000
Hillebrands JL, Klatter FA, van den Hurk BM, Popa ER, Nieuwenhuis P, Rozing J: Origin of neointimal endothelium and alpha-actin-positive smooth muscle cells in transplant arteriosclerosis. J Clin Invest 107: 1411–1422, 2001
Shimizu K, Sugiyama S, Aikawa M, Fukumoto Y, Rabkin E, Libby P, Mitchell RN: Host bone-marrow cells are a source of donor intimai smooth-muscle-like cells in murine aortic transplant arteriopathy. Nat Med 7: 738–741, 2001
Stouffer GA, Runge MS: The role of secondary growth factor production in thrombin-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Semin Thromb Hemost 24: 145–150, 1998
Thyberg J: Differentiated properties and proliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells in culture. Int Rev Cytol 169: 183–265, 1996
Bendeck MP, Irvin C, Reidy M, Smith L, Mulholland D, Horton M, Giachelli CM: Smooth muscle cell matrix metalloproteinase production is stimulated via alpha(v)beta(3) integrin. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 20: 1467–1472, 2000
Zavazava N, Kabelitz D: Alloreactivity and apoptosis in graft rejection and transplantation tolerance. J Leukoc Biol 68: 167–174, 2000
Plissonnier D, Henaff M, Poncet P, Paris E, Tron F, Thuillez C, Michel JB: Involvement of antibody-dependent apoptosis in graft rejection. Transplantation 69: 2601–2608, 2000
McCarthy NJ, Bennett MR: The regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis. Cardiovasc Res 45: 747–755, 2000
Wada T, McKee MD, Steitz S, Giachelli CM: Calcification of vascular smooth muscle cell cultures: Inhibition by osteopontin. Circ Res 84: 166–178, 1999
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2003 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Religa, P., Bojakowski, K., Gaciong, Z., Thyberg, J., Hedin, U. (2003). Arteriosclerosis in rat aortic allografts: Dynamics of cell growth, apoptosis and expression of extracellular matrix proteins. In: Gilchrist, J.S.C., Tappia, P.S., Netticadan, T. (eds) Biochemistry of Diabetes and Atherosclerosis. Developments in Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, vol 42. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9236-9_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9236-9_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-4852-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-9236-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive