Abstract
Although smooth anaesthesia and avoidance of venous congestion by posture help to reduce bleeding, there are occasions when anaesthetists deliberately produce hypotension. This technique, known as induced or controlled hypotension, is undertaken to facilitate delicate surgery of the middle ear and removal of highly vascular tumours, as well as for certain plastic, gynaecological, urological and orthopaedic operations. Methods which have been used include differential spinal anaesthesia and arteriotomy, but these will not be discussed in this chapter, which only deals with the use of the ganglion blocking agents, i.e. hexamethonium (Vegolysen), pentolinium (Ansolysen) and trimetaphan (Arfonad), which relax smooth muscle coats of blood vessels, and sodium nitroprusside which paralyses them.
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Bodman RI (1967) Controlled hypotension. In: Hewer CL (ed) Recent advances in anaesthesia and analgesia, vol 10. Churchill, London, pp 90–117
Leigh JM, Millar RA (1975) Symposium on deliberate hypotension in anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth 47:743–810
Tinker JH, Michenfelder JD (1976) Sodium nitroprusside: pharmacology, toxicology and therapeutics. Anesthesiology 45:340–354
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© 1980 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Hopkin, D.A.B. (1980). Controlled Hypotension. In: Hazards and Errors in Anaesthesia. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1298-3_19
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1298-3_19
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-10158-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-1298-3
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