Abstract
Increasing exploration of sea floor spreading centers is revealing regional-scale differences in the nature of hydrothermal venting. Fluid physicochemical properties, mineral deposition, vent field geology, and recent volcanic history can vary considerably between regions. Comparison of northeast Pacific vent biocenoses with sites at 13° N and 17° S on the EPR and in the westernmost Gulf of Aden reveals differences in community structure and ecological strategies that can be related to interregional differences in venting characteristics. The most distinctive environmental influence on northeast Pacific sites is the extensive mineral deposition, which affects fluid flows, alters the substratum, and poses fouling and detoxication problems for vent organisms. This is likely to be an important habitat feature at active vents on Gorda Ridge, where mineral deposition is also very heavy. Biogeographical constraints are also likely to be an important in determining the nature of Gorda Ridge vent communities.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Atwater T, Mudie JD (1973) Detailed near-bottom geophysical study of the Gorda Rise. J Geophys Res 78:8665–8686.
Bowers TS, Von Damm KL, Edmond JM (1985) Chemical evolution of mid-ocean ridge hot springs. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 49:2239–2252.
Childress JJ, Felbeck H, Somero GN (1987) Symbiosis in the deep sea. Sci Am 255(5):114–120.
Choukroune P, Auvray B, Francheteau J, et al. (1986) Tectonics of the westernmost Gulf of Aden and the Gulf of Tadkoura from submersible observations. Nature 319:396–399.
Degens ET, Ross DA (eds) (1969) Hot Brines and Recent Heavy Metal Deposits in the Red Sea. New York; Springer-Verlag.
Dinet A, Grassle JF, Tunnicliffe V (1988) Premières observations sur la meiofaune des sites hydrothermaux de la dorsale Est-Pacifique (Guaymas, 21° N) et de l’Explorer Ridge. Oceanol Acta 8:7–14.
Edmond JM, Von Damm KL, McDuff RE, Measures CI (1982) Chemistry of hot springs on the East Pacific Rise and their effluent dispersal. Nature 297:187–191.
Engebretson DC, Cox A, Gordon RG (1985) Relative motions between oceanic and continental plates in the Pacific basin. Geol Soc Am Special Paper 206, 59 pp.
Fustec A, Desbruyères D, Juniper SK (1987) Deep-sea hydrothermal vent communities at 13° N on the East Pacific Rise: Microdistribution and temporal variations. Biol Oceanogr 4:121–164.
Grassle JF, Brown-Leger LS, Morse-Porteous L, Petrecea R, Williams I (1985) Deep-sea fauna of sediments in the vicinity of hydrothermal vents. In: Jones ML (ed) Hydrothermal Vents of the Eastern Pacific: An Overview.
Grassle JF, Brown-Leger LS, Morse-Porteous L, Petrecea R, Williams I (1985) Deep-sea fauna of sediments in the vicinity of hydrothermal vents Bull Biol Soc Wash 6:443–452.
Hekinian R, Fouquet Y (1985) Volcanism and metallogenesis of axial and off-axial structures on the East Pacific Rise near 13° N. Econ Geol 80:221–249.
Herron EM (1972) Sea-floor spreading and the Cenozoic history of the East Central Pacific. Geol Soc Am Bull 83:1671–1691.
Jannasch HW, Mottl MJ (1985) Geomicrobiology of deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Science 229:717–725.
Johnson HP, Tunnicliffe V (1985) Time-series measurements of hydrothermal activity on northern Juan de Fuca Ridge. Geophys Res Lett 12:685–688.
Juniper SK, Thompson JAJ, Calvert SE (1986) Accumulation of minerals and trace elements in biogenic mucus at hydrothermal vents. Deep-Sea Res 33:339–347.
Juniper SK (1988) Géochimie et écologie d’un microenvironnement hydrothermal: Les sécrétions de mucus de Paralvinella palmiformis. Oceanol Acta 8:167–172.
Karl DM, Wirsen CO, Jannasch HW (1980) Deep-sea primary production at the Galapagos hydrothermal vents. Science 207: 1345–1347.
Lonsdale PF, Bischoff JL, Burns VM, Kastner M, Sweeney RE (1980) A high temperature hydrothermal deposit in the seabed at a Gulf of California spreading center. Earth Planetary Sci Lett 49:8–20.
Rea DK, Blakely RJ (1975) Short-wavelength magnetic anomalies in a region of rapid seafloor spreading. Nature 255:126–128.
Renard V, Hekinian R, Francheteau J, Ballard RD, Backer H (1985) Submersible observations at the ultra-fast-spreading East Pacific Rise (17° 30′ to 21° 30′ S). Earth Planetary Sci Lett 75:339–353.
Scott SD (1986) Seafloor polymetallic sulfides: Scientific curiosities or mines of the future? In: Teleki P et al. (eds) Proceedings of NATO Advanced Research Workshop on “Marine Minerals: Resource Assessment Strategies.” Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing.
Simoneit BRT (1985) Hydrothermal petroleum: Genesis, migration and deposition in Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California. Can J Earth Sci 22:1919–1929.
Tunnicliffe V (1988) Biogeography and evolution of hydrothermal vent fauna in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Proc R Soc Lond B 233:342–366.
Tunnicliffe V, Juniper SK, De Burgh ME (1985) Biological communities of the Juan de Fuca hydrothermal vents. In: Jones ML (ed) Hydrothermal Vents of the Eastern Pacific: An Overview.
Tunnicliffe V, Juniper SK, De Burgh ME (1985) Biological communities of the Juan de Fuca hydrothermal vents Biol Soc Wash Bull 6:453–464.
Tunnicliffe V, Botros M, De Burgh ME, et al. (1986) Hydrothermal vents of Explorer Ridge, northeast Pacific. Deep-Sea Res 33:401–412.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1990 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Juniper, S.K., Tunnicliffe, V., Desbruyères, D. (1990). Regional-Scale Features of Northeast Pacific, East Pacific Rise, and Gulf of Aden Vent Communities. In: McMurray, G.R. (eds) Gorda Ridge. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3258-2_19
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3258-2_19
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-7937-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-3258-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive