Overview
We are able to write this book in large part because of recent changes in the larger society and systems-level philosophies regarding how we view and deal with adults with disabilities. The last 20 years have seen tremendous changes and improvements in the life experiences of most adults with disabilities. As stated recently by Lakin and Bruininks (1985):
These improvements demonstrate society’s increased concern for furthering integration, individual opportunity and equitable treatment for all citizens. For handicapped citizens and their families, social advances have been reflected in an evolving, more progressive philosophy toward integrating handicapped individuals into society, toward reorganizing and extending their legal rights, and toward substantially increasing public support for educational, residential, income maintenance, training, and other essential services. (p. 3)
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Additional Readings
Normalization
Landesman, S., & Butterfield, E.C. (1987). Normalization and deinstitutionalization of mentally retarded individuals: Controversy and fact. American Psychologist, 42(8), 809–816.
Perrin, B., & Nirje, B. (1985). Setting the record straight: A critique of some misconceptions of the normalization principle. Australia and New Zealand Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 11, 69–74.
Wolfensberger, W. (1980). The definition of normalization: Update, problems, disagreements, and misunderstanding. In R.J. Flynn & K.E. Nitsch (Eds.). Normalization social integration, and community services. (pp. 71–115 ). Austin: Pro-ed.
Least-Restrictive Environment
Bruininks, R.H., & Lakin, K.C. (Eds.) (1988). Living and learning in the least restrictive environment. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co.
Taylor, S.J. (1988). Caught in the continuum: A critical analysis of the principle of the least restrictive environment. Journal of the Association for Persons with Service Handicaps 13(1), 41–53.
Turnbull, R., Ellis, J.W., Boggs, E.M., Brookes, P.O., & Biklen, D.P. (Eds.) (1981). Least restrictive alternatives: Principles and practices. Washington, DC: American Association on Mental Deficiency.
Public Laws
Ludlow, B.L., Turnbull, A.P., & Luckasson, R. (Eds.) (1988). Transitions to adult life for people with mental retardation: Principles and practices. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co.
Turnbull, H.R., & Barber, P.A. (1986). Federal laws and adults with developmental disabilities. In J.A. Summers (Ed.). The right to grow up: An introduction to adults with developmental disabilities (pp. 255–285 ). Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co.
U.S. Department of Education (1988). Summary of existing legislation relating to the handicapped. Washington, DC: Office of Special Education and Rehabilitation Services-Office of Handicapped Individuals (Pub. No. E-88–22014)
Advocacy
Ludlow, B.L., & Herr, S.S. (1988). Advocacy and adult rights to habilitation. In B.L. Ludlow, A.P. Turnbull, & R. Luckasson (Eds.). Transitions to adult life for people with mental retardation: Principles and practices. (pp. 233–256 ). Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co.
Sobsey, D., & McDonald, L. (1988). Special education: Coming of age. In B.L. Ludlow, A.P. Turnbull, & R. Luckasson (Eds.). Transitions to adult life for people with mental retardation: Principles and practices (pp. 21–44 ). Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co.
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Schalock, R.L., Kiernan, W.E. (1990). Societal Philosophies Affecting Habilitation Strategies. In: Habilitation Planning for Adults with Disabilities. Disorders of Human Learning, Behavior, and Communication. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3372-5_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3372-5_11
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