Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Borna, the Disease—A Summary of Our Present Knowledge

  • Conference paper
Slow Virus Infections of the Central Nervous System

Abstract

Borna, a viral disease of horses and sheep, has been known for more than 150 years. The clinical picture was first described in 1813 as “Hitzige Kopfkrankheit der Pferde,” and the name borna derives from a town in Saxony where the disease was first described. The clinical picture is characterized by incoordination and sensory loss. The incubation period varies between a few weeks and several months. After the onset, the disease progresses gradually and is usually fatal. Recovery has been recorded in about 5% of clinically manifest cases (10, 28).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Anzil, A. P. (1972). Transmission expérimentale du virus de l’encéphalomyélite de Borna: Etude ultrastructurale de la maladie du lapin et étude analytique de l’infection du hamster. Ann. Inst. Pasteur Lille 123, 537–544.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Anzil, A. P., Blinzinger, K., and Mayr, A. (1973). Persistent Borna virus infection in adult hamsters. Arch. Ges. Virusforschung 40, 52 - 57.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Beck, A., and Frohboese, H. (1926). Die enzootische Encephalitis des Schafes. Vergleichende experimentelle Untersuchungen über die seuchenhafte Gehirnrückenmarksentzündung der Pferde und Schafe. Arch. Wiss. Prakt. Tierhk. 54, 84–110.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Blinzinger, K., and Anzil, A. P. (1973). Large granular nuclear bodies (Karyo sphaeridia) in experimental Borna virus infection. J. Comp. Pathol. 83, 589–596.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Daubney, R. (1967). Viral encephalitis of equines and domestic ruminants in the Near East, part II. Res. Vet. Sei. 8, 419–439.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Elford, W. J., and Galloway, I. A. (1933). Filtration of the virus of Borna disease through graded collodium membranes. Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 14, 196–205.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Frese, K. (1976). Personal communication.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Galloway, I. A. (1930). Borna disease. In System of Bacteriology in Relation to Medicine Privy Council, H.M.S.O. London.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Hager, M., and Rott, R. (1972). Licht und elektronenmikroskopische sowie virologische Untersuchungen über die Borna‘sche Encephalitis. Tagung Osterr. Arb. Neuropathol. Salzburg.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Heinig, A. (1969). Die Borna’sche Krankheit der Pferde und Schafe. In Handbuch der Virusinfektionen bei Tieren ( H. Röhrer, ed.), Vol. 4, pp. 83–148. VEB Fischer Verlag, Jena.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Joest, E., and Degen, H. (1909). Uber eigentümliche Kerneinschlüsse der Ganglienzellen bei der enzootischen Gehirn-Rückenmarksentzündung der Pferde. Z. Inf. Krankh. Haustiere 6, 348–356.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Ludwig, H., Becht, H., and Groh, L. (1973). Borna disease (BD), a slow virus infection; Biological properties of the virus. Med. Microbiol. Immunol. (Berl.) 158, 275–289.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Ludwig, H., and Koestner, A. (1974). Unpublished data.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Mayr, A., and Danner, K. (1972). In vitro Kultivierung von Borna-Virus über Gehirn-Explantate infizierter Tiere. Zentralbl. Veterinaermed. [B] 19, 785–800.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Nicolau, S., and Galloway, I. A. (1927). Preliminary note on the experimental study of enzootic encephalomyelitis (Borna disease). Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 8, 336–341.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Nicolau, S., and Galloway, I. A. (1928). Borna disease and enzootic encephalomyelitis of sheep and cattle. Priva Council Medical Research Council Special Report, Series 121, pp. 7–90.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Nitzschke, E. (1963). Untersuchungen über die experimentelle Bornavirus- Infektion bei der Ratte. Zentralbl. Veterinaermed. [B] 10, 470–527.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Pauli, G. Personal communication.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Rott, R., and Nitzschke, E. (1958). Untersuchungen über die Züchtung der Virus der Boma’schen Krankheit im bebrüteten Hühnerei unter verschiedenen Bedingungen. Zentralbl. Veterinaermed. [B] 5, 629–633.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Seifried, O., and Spatz, H. (1930). Die Ausbreitung der encephalitischen Reaktion bei der Boma’schen Krankheit der Pferde und deren Beziehung zu der Encephalitis epidemica, der Heine-Medinschen Krankheit und der Lyssa der Menschen. Eine vergleichend-pathologische Studie. Z. Gesamte Neurol. Psychiat. 124, 317–382.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Shadduck, J. A., Danner, K., and Dahme, E. (1970). Fluoreszenzserologische Untersuchungen über Auftreten und Lokalisation von Borna-Virusantigen in Gehirnen experimentell infizierter Kaninchen. Zentralbl. Veterinaermed. [B] 17, 453–459.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Sigurdsson, B. (1954). Rida, a chronic encephalitis of sheep with general remarks on infections which develop slowly and some of their special characteristics. Br. Vet. J. 110, 341–354.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Sprankel, H., and Ludwig, H. (1976). Unpublished data.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Sprankel, H., and Richards, A. (1976). Nicht produktives Verhalten von tupaia glis DIARD 1820 im raumzeitlichen Bezug. Eine qualitative Analyse. Z. für Säugetier Kd 41, 77–101.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Sprockhoff, H. v. (1954). Untersuchungen über die Komplement-bindungsreaktion bei der Borna’schen Krankheit. Zbl. Vet. Med. 1, 494–530.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Wagner, K., Ludwig, H., and Paulsen, J. (1968). Fluoreszenzserologischer Nachweis von Borna-Virus Antigen. Berl. Munch. Tieraerztl. Wochenschr. 81, 395–396.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Walther, A. (1899). Die Gehirnrückenmarksentzündung bei Schafen. Ber. Vet. Wes. Sachsen. 44, 80.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Zwick, W. (1939). Borna’sche Krankheit und Encephalomyelitis der Tiere. In Handbuch der Viruskrankheiten, Vol. 2 ( E. Gildenmeister, E. Haagen, and O. Waldmann eds.), pp. 252–354. Fischer, Jena.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Zwick, W., and Seifried, O. (1925). Ubertragbarkeit der seuchenhaften Gehirn- Rückenmarksentzündung des Pferdes (Borna’sche Krankheit) auf kleine Versuchstiere (Kaninchen). Berl. Munch. Tieraerztl. Wochenschr. 41, 129–132.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Zwick, W., Seifried, O., and Witte, J. (1926). Experimentelle Untersuchungen über die seuchenhafte Gehirn-und Rückenmarksentzündung der Pferde (Borna’sche Krankheit). Z. Infekt. Krankh. Haustiere 30, 43–136.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Zwick, W., Seifried, O., and Witte, J. (1927). Weitere Untersuchungen über die seuchenhafte Gehirn-Rückenmarksentzündung der Pferde (Borna’sche Krankheit). Z. Infekt. Krankh. Haustiere 32, 150–179.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. H. Ludwig
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. H. Becht
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut fuer Virologie, Verbascher Landstr. 7, 8700, Wuerzburg, West Germany

    Volker ter Meulen M.D.

  2. College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, 10032, New York, N.Y., USA

    Michael Katz M.D.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1977 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this paper

Cite this paper

Ludwig, H., Becht, H. (1977). Borna, the Disease—A Summary of Our Present Knowledge. In: ter Meulen, V., Katz, M. (eds) Slow Virus Infections of the Central Nervous System. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-9883-0_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-9883-0_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9885-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-9883-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation