Abstract
The placenta originates from the trophectoderm of the implanting blastocyst. The villous cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast cells of human placenta are the main sites of hormone production. The cytotrophoblast cells mainly elaborate the hypothalamic releasing factors synthesized by placenta including gonadotropin releasing hormone, corticotropin releasing factor, somatostatin, and inhibin-like peptides (1–5). The syncytiotrophoblast cells are the main site for human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), human placental lactogen (hPL), progesterone (P4), and estrogen synthesis (6–8). Given the different pattern of endocrine activities of the mononuclear cytotrophoblast and syncytium, it is evident that the differentiation of cytotrophoblast to syncytiotrophoblast entails major changes in expression of genes encoding hormones and in the machinery needed to synthesize them.
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Rajkumar, K., Zhai, R. (1993). 3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Activity of Human Placental Cytotrophoblast Following Differentiation in Vitro. In: Leung, P.C.K., Hsueh, A.J.W., Friesen, H.G. (eds) Molecular Basis of Reproductive Endocrinology. Serono Symposia USA Norwell, Massachusetts. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9260-6_26
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9260-6_26
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