Abstract
In the last two decades, discoveries in biological sciences have allowed vaccine research to expand rapidly. Progress in the understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of the immune response to infection, molecular biology, genomics, proteomics and bioinformatics have revolutionized the way vaccines are designed. Vaccinology has established its own credibility, and it is no longer only a subject in microbiology and immunology classes but a true complex discipline. Vaccines are no longer just crude and complex preparations of killed or attenuated microorganisms but can be defined as proteins, polysaccharides (Ps), or nucleic acids that are delivered to the immune system as single entities, as part of complex particles, or by live attenuated agents or vectors, thereby inducing specific responses that inactivate, destroy, or suppress pathogens1.
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Brodeur, B.R., Martin, D., Rioux, S., Charland, N., Hamel, J. (2003). Universal Proteins As an Alternative Bacterial Vaccine Strategy. In: New Bacterial Vaccines. Medical Intelligence Unit. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0053-7_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0053-7_2
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