Abstract
The methodology involved in the modeling and simulation of physical, life and social science systems is viewed in perspective. A critical factor determining the validity of a model is the extent to which it can be derived from basic laws and insights into the internal structure of the system using deductive methods, rather than relying upon observations and measurements of the system input and outputs. Accordingly, the mathematical models as they arise in various application disciplines are arranged along a spectrum according to the relative amount of deduction and induction involved in their construction. This provides an insight into the ultimate validity of simulations and to what use they can properly be put.
Reprinted from Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, v. 19, Walter J. Karplus, The Spectrum of Mathematical Modeling and Systems Simulation, pp. 3–10, Copyright (1977), with permission from Elsevier Science. Research in Modeling at the University of California was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant GK 42774.
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Karplus, W.J. (2003). The Spectrum of Mathematical Modeling and Systems Simulation. In: Bekey, G.A., Kogan, B.Y. (eds) Modeling and Simulation: Theory and Practice. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0235-7_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0235-7_7
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