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Circulating Blood Glucose and Hypothalamic-Pituitary Secretion

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Circulating Regulatory Factors and Neuroendocrine Function

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 274))

Abstract

Normally glucose accounts for more than 90% of the metabolic fuel of the brain (1). A constant supply and utilization of glucose is essential for normal cerebral metabolism since brain carbohydrate stores are very small. Hypoglycemia as well as diabetes mellitus result in a variety of neuroendocrine alterations probably through changes in the rate of glucose uptake and metabolism in the hypothalamus. At the hypothalamic-pituitary level, two metabolic conditions can be realized: either increased glucose disposal after administration of exogenous glucose, or glucopenia due to hypoglycemia or diabetes. In the latter condition, blood glucose increased, but cannot be utilized in brain cells because of the lack of insulin secretion. Changes in pituitary hormone release under these acute or chronic alterations in blood glucose levels have been well characterized. However, the role of the hypothalamus in driving these variations in pituitary function is still controversial due to difficulties in measuring the secretion of the hypophysiotropic factors. Therefore, the mechanisms by which hyper-or hypoglycemia exerts an influence on hypothalamic neurons remain to be determined. In this report, we will briefly review this tropic including some results from our laboratory, keeping in mind the potential clinical applications of animal studies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculté de Médecine Nord, Laboratoire de Neuroendocrinologie Expérimentale, INSERM U 297, Bd P. Dramard, 13326, Marseille Cédex 15, France

    M. Grino, V. Guillaume, A. Caraty, B. Conte-Devolx, P. Joanny, F. Boudouresque, G. Pesce, J. Steinberg, G. Peyre, A. Dutour, P. Giraud & C. Oliver

  2. Laboratoire de Neuroendocrinologie, Physiologie de la Reproduction, INRA, 37380, Nouzilly, France

    A. Caraty

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  1. M. Grino
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA

    John C. Porter

  2. Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia

    Daniela Ježová

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© 1990 Plenum Press, New York

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Grino, M. et al. (1990). Circulating Blood Glucose and Hypothalamic-Pituitary Secretion. In: Porter, J.C., Ježová, D. (eds) Circulating Regulatory Factors and Neuroendocrine Function. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 274. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5799-5_25

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5799-5_25

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