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Gene Introgression For Cotton Improvement: Contrast of Traditional Breeding With Biotechnologies

  • Chapter
Gene Conservation and Exploitation

Part of the book series: Stadler Genetics Symposia Series ((SGSS))

Abstract

The New World tetraploid cottons have a long history of cultivation, and consequently the process of gene introgression has an ancient origin. The earliest date for archaeological remains of Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), the most widely cultivated species accounting for over 90% of world production (Lee, 1984), ranges from 3500 to 2300 B.C. from the Tehuacan Valley in Mexico (Smith and Stephens, 1971). Another cultivated tetraploid, G. barbadense with 8% of world production (Lee, 1984) and also known as Egyptian or Pima cotton, dates from 2500 to 1750 B.C. in the Ancon-Chillon district of Peru (Stephens and Moseley, 1974). The distributions of these two cotton species were known to overlap from pre-Columbian times (Lee, 1984). The result of this proximal development of two cultivated species was that gene introgression between these two cottons occurred frequently. Percy and Wendel (1990), from a recent isozyme study, found that 22% of improved cultivars of G. barbadense had introgressant alleles from G. hirsutum, and many wild accessions from a wide geographic range also had detectable introgression.

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  1. International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-Biotech Applications, 1509 22nd Street, Washington, D.C., 20037-1073, USA

    David W. Altman

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  1. USDA-ARS, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA

    J. Perry Gustafson

  2. CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, Australia

    R. Appels

  3. Missouri Botanical Gardens, St. Louis, Missouri, USA

    P. Raven

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Altman, D.W. (1993). Gene Introgression For Cotton Improvement: Contrast of Traditional Breeding With Biotechnologies. In: Gustafson, J.P., Appels, R., Raven, P. (eds) Gene Conservation and Exploitation. Stadler Genetics Symposia Series. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1136-0_11

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