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Dietary Modification as a Weight Management Strategy

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Treatment of the Obese Patient

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Abstract

The ideal dietary prescription for obesity treatment produces clinically significant weight loss, improves the cardiometabolic profile above that which can be achieved by weight loss alone, enriches diet quality, and enhances appetite regulation. This chapter provides an overview of dietary prescriptions that have been investigated within randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for obesity treatment in adults. Research on three types of dietary prescriptions, energy-focused prescriptions, macronutrient-focused prescriptions, and dietary pattern-focused prescriptions, is reviewed. Amount of energy reduction that is incurred appears to be the predominant dietary factor that influences weight loss. While weight loss improves cardiometabolic parameters, differing dietary prescriptions may be able to enhance these improvements, with low-carbohydrate diets enhancing high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol outcomes and high-carbohydrate and low-fat diets improving total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol outcomes. Dietary pattern-focused prescriptions for weight loss show the most promise for increasing dietary quality. For appetite regulation, a diet that is lower in energy density (ED) may assist with reducing hunger and improving satiation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Public Health Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee-Knoxville, 1215 W. Cumberland Avenue, 229 Jessie Harris Building, Knoxville, TN, 37996-1920, USA

    Hollie A. Raynor Ph.D., R.D.

  2. Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, MLC 3015, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA

    Shannon M. Looney Ph.D., M.P.H., R.D.

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  1. Hollie A. Raynor Ph.D., R.D.
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  2. Shannon M. Looney Ph.D., M.P.H., R.D.
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Correspondence to Hollie A. Raynor Ph.D., R.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Robert F. Kushner

  2. Endocrinology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, USA

    Daniel H. Bessesen

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Raynor, H.A., Looney, S.M. (2014). Dietary Modification as a Weight Management Strategy. In: Kushner, R., Bessesen, D. (eds) Treatment of the Obese Patient. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1203-2_14

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