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Adiabatic Quantum Computing on Molecular Spin Quantum Computers

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Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) Based Quantum Computing

Part of the book series: Biological Magnetic Resonance ((BIMR,volume 31))

Abstract

A molecular spin quantum computer (MSQC) is a model of QCs, in which we manipulate bus electron spins with client nuclear spins by pulse-based electron spin/magnetic resonance (ESR/MR) techniques applied to well-defined open-shell molecular entities. The spin manipulation executes quantum computation ranging over all Hilbert space, which is achieved by sets of quantum gate operations, called universal gates. The bus electron spin quantum bits (qubits) interact extensively with other electron spins and relatively localized nuclear spins as client qubits. Since the electron spins play the central role in MSQCs, MSQCs can simply be regarded as ESR-QCs. Generally compared with NMR-QC, ESR-QCs have advantages in fast gate operations, global control in client qubits, and initialization process. On the other hand, apparent disadvantages are fast decoherence and technical difficulties in current spin manipulation technology.

In this chapter, we introduce the implementation of an adiabatic quantum computation from the theoretical point of view. The main issue is quantum operations in realistic Adiabatic Quantum Computers (AQCs) based on molecular spin systems, suggesting that the established experimental schemes and protocols render MSQCs realistic. For this purpose, an algorithm is selected for an adiabatic factorization problem of 21, as we compare with the comparable algorithm of NMR experiments with three nuclear qubits. Toward adiabatic quantum computation on MSQCs, two molecular spin systems are selected: One is a molecular spin composed of three exchange/dipole-coupled electrons as electron-only spin qubits and the other an electron-bus qubit with two client nuclear spin qubits. Their electronic spin structures are well characterized particularly in terms of quantum mechanical behavior as interpreted by their spin Hamiltonians. The implementation of AQC has been achieved by establishing ESR/MR pulse sequences applied to the spin Hamiltonians in a fully controlled manner of spin manipulation. The conquered pulse sequences have been compared with the NMR-QC experiments and standard QCs. A significant result is that MSQCs can perform adiabatic quantum computations efficiently as same as standard QCs, and the computations can be performed in ESR timescale even if the client nuclear spin qubits participate in the computation processes.

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Acknowledgments

This work has been supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas “Quantum Cybernetics” and Scientific Research (B) from MEXT, Japan. The support for the present work by the FIRST project on “Quantum Information Processing” from JSPS, Japan and by the AOARD project on “Quantum Properties of Molecular Nanomagnets” (Award No. FA2386-13-1-4030) is also acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan

    Satoru Yamamoto, Shigeaki Nakazawa, Kenji Sugisaki, Kazunobu Sato, Kazuo Toyota, Daisuke Shiomi & Takui Takeji

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  1. Satoru Yamamoto
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  2. Shigeaki Nakazawa
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Correspondence to Takui Takeji .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Osaka City University Grad School Science, Osaka, Japan

    Takeji Takui

  2. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA

    Lawrence Berliner

  3. Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia

    Graeme Hanson

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Yamamoto, S. et al. (2016). Adiabatic Quantum Computing on Molecular Spin Quantum Computers. In: Takui, T., Berliner, L., Hanson, G. (eds) Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) Based Quantum Computing. Biological Magnetic Resonance, vol 31. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3658-8_4

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