Abstract
Since the early 1970s, strong evidence has been provided that adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) acts as a potent extracellular chemical messenger in cell of many types. It is now well-known that ATP acts as a neurotransmitter at synapses in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. In addition of being a neurotransmitter, ATP and its products of degradation (ADP, AMP, and adenosine) are also known to act as trophic factors by promoting cell proliferation and/or differentiation, stimulation of synthesis and/or release of neurotrophic factors both under physiological and pathological conditions. All these diverse biological effects are mediated via cell surface receptors termed purinoceptors. Purinoceptors of the P2 type, for which ATP is the physiological ligand, are subdivided into receptors that directly gate ion channels (P2x) and G protein-coupled receptors (P2Y).
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Amédée, T., Colomar, A., Coles, J.A. (2002). ATP Signaling in Schwann Cells. In: de Vellis, J.S. (eds) Neuroglia in the Aging Brain. Contemporary Neuroscience. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-105-3_8
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