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Sleep Apnea and Hypertension

  • Chapter
Secondary Hypertension

Part of the book series: Clinical Hypertension and Vascular Diseases ((CHVD))

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Abstract

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and the related clinical syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), have for many years been associated with hypertension in clinical reports, but it is only recently that a causal association linking SDB to the development of hypertension has been established, and most clinicians who manage hypertensive patients do not pay much attention to it. In the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (sixth report) (JNC VI), which is the standard guideline for the evaluation of hypertension in the United States, sleep apnea is not mentioned as a possible cause of hypertension (1), and many major textbooks on hypertension also pay no attention to it. In this chapter, we review the physiology of sleep; circulatory changes during sleep; and associations between sleep apnea, hypertension, and obesity. We also discuss the effects of treating OSA, and controlling hypertension and its clinical implications.

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Authors
  1. Thomas G. Pickering MD, DPHIL
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  2. Mona Yacoub MD
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA

    George A. Mansoor MD, FRCP (EDIN)

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Pickering, T.G., Yacoub, M. (2004). Sleep Apnea and Hypertension. In: Mansoor, G.A. (eds) Secondary Hypertension. Clinical Hypertension and Vascular Diseases. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-757-4_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-757-4_17

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

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