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Herpesviruses, Cytokines, and Cancer

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Cytokines in the Genesis and Treatment of Cancer

Part of the book series: Cancer Drug Discovery and Development ((CDD&D))

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Abstract

Herpesviruses are large, enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses, which are characterized by their ability to cause mild acute infections followed by lifelong latency in the host and periodic episodes of reactivation. The herpesviridae family is subdivided, based on their biologic properties, into the α-, β-, and γ-herpesvirinae and can be found in a wide variety of species (1).Of the eight human herpesviruses (HHV) identified to date, only two have been clearly shown to be oncogenic: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV, or HHV-4) and human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8; also termed Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, KSHV). Both viruses belong to the γ-herpesvirus subfamily, but are further subdivided as a lymphocryptovirus (EBV) or a rhadinovirus (HHV-8). They can infect cells of lymphoid origin, particularly B-cells, but also have a tropism for other cell types, such as epithelial cells for EBV and endothelial cells for HHV-8. Infection of susceptible cells with either of these herpesviruses results in the triggering of both a humoral and cellular immune response, which includes the expression of numerous cellular cytokines. Interestingly, in addition to inducing host cytokines, both EBV and HHV-8 encode homologues to cellular cytokines and their expression is important in both modulation of the host’s immune response to infection as well as viral-induced pathogenesis. In this chapter we will review cytokine responses, both virally encoded and cellular, that are produced as a result of EBV or HHV-8 infection focusing on those identified as having a potential role in carcinogenesis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Pathology and of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA

    Frank J. Jenkins PHD

  2. Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA

    Heather R. Hensler BS

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  1. Frank J. Jenkins PHD
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  2. Heather R. Hensler BS
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH

    Michael A. Caligiuri MD

  2. University of Pittsburgh Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA

    Michael T. Lotze MD (Director) (Director)

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© 2007 Humana Press Inc.

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Jenkins, F.J., Hensler, H.R. (2007). Herpesviruses, Cytokines, and Cancer. In: Caligiuri, M.A., Lotze, M.T. (eds) Cytokines in the Genesis and Treatment of Cancer. Cancer Drug Discovery and Development. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-455-1_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-455-1_3

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

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