Abstract
Congenital hypothyroidism remains the leading cause of preventable mental impairment worldwide. It is most often caused by iodine deficiency (endemic cretinism) or thyroid dysgenesis but can be caused by any defect in thyroid hormone production, regulation, or action. Because congenital hypothyroidism is common and newborns initially exhibit few specific signs or symptoms of the disorder, most developed countries offer universal newborn thyroid screening. With early identification and treatment of affected newborns, neurologic sequelae are minimized, and development in most adequately treated cases is normal.
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Larson, C.A. (2013). Congenital Hypothyroidism. In: Radovick, S., MacGillivray, M. (eds) Pediatric Endocrinology. Contemporary Endocrinology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-395-4_15
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