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Thioredoxin in the Cardiovascular System—Towards a Thioredoxin-Based Antioxidative Therapy

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Studies on Cardiovascular Disorders

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Abstract

Oxidative stress results from an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the endogenous antioxidant systems, which detoxify the reactive intermediates. Diseases of the cardiovascular system, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, cardiac hypertrophy, and congestive heart disease are characterized by enhanced production of ROS. In these conditions ROS promote cardiovascular pathology in part by activating inflammatory signaling pathways. One of the principal antioxidant defense mechanisms is the small 12 kDa oxidoreductase, thioredoxin (TRX), that catalyzes the conversion of disulfide oxidized proteins to their thiol-reduced forms. TRX via this catalytic activity confers a protective effect by the ability to regulate pathological signal transduction, inhibit apoptosis, and reduce inflammation. Recent studies using transgenic mice have shown that overexpression of TRX within vascular tissue exerts a protective effect, while injection of recombinant TRX has similarly been demonstrated to possess therapeutic value for the treatment of various vascular diseases.

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  1. University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA

    Cameron World

  2. Aab Cardiovascula Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA

    Bradford C. Berk

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  1. Physiologisches Institut, Universität Gießen, Aulweg 129, Gießen, 35392, Germany

    Heinrich Sauer

  2. James Black Centre, King's College, London, Coldharbour Lane 125, London, SE5 9NU, United Kingdom

    Ajay M. Shah

  3. Fac. Medicina, Instituto do Coração (INCOR), Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar 44, São Paulo, 05403-000, São Paulo, Brazil

    Francisco R. M. Laurindo

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© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

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World, C., Berk, B.C. (2010). Thioredoxin in the Cardiovascular System—Towards a Thioredoxin-Based Antioxidative Therapy. In: Sauer, H., Shah, A., Laurindo, F. (eds) Studies on Cardiovascular Disorders. Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-600-9_26

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