Abstract
The first clinical valve implantation was of a Starr–Edwards valve in 1960 (Table 6.1). More than 10,000 valves are now imp-lanted each year in the UK, and about 80,000 in the USA. This chapter will describe a classification of valve types, their hemodynamic and clinical assessment, the diagnosis of obstruction and of regurgitation and the management of complications.
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Chambers, J. (2009). Valve Substitutes. In: Henein, M.Y. (eds) Valvular Heart Disease in Clinical Practice. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-275-3_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-275-3_6
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