Skip to main content

Rubbers Reinforced by POSS

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Polymer/POSS Nanocomposites and Hybrid Materials

Part of the book series: Springer Series on Polymer and Composite Materials ((SSPCM))

  • 1523 Accesses

Abstract

In this chapter, a brief account of the recent researches on the properties of POSS-containing polymeric materials, i.e., polyurethanes, resins, and thermoplastics, has been done. On this background, rubbers, generally known as elastomers, have been presented as an important class of polymers and a very essential material in industry due to their unique properties. The general characteristics of elastomers and the common classification of different types, including general-purpose, special-purpose, and specialty elastomers, together with the relevant examples, have been described. To extend service life, reduce cost and therefore improve service efficiency of elastomeric materials, various fillers have always been extensively used in the rubber industry and are addressed in the chapter. Particular attention has been given to POSS. The influence of POSS moieties in rubber matrix on the functional properties of the composites fabricated is discussed. Attempt has been made to explain the role of POSS surface functional groups in controlling the properties of POSS-containing materials, and the reinforcement mechanism is presented.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Prza̧dka D, Jȩczalik J, Andrzejewska E, Szłapka M, Marciniec B, Dutkiewicz M (2013) Novel hybrid polyurethane/POSS materials via bulk polymerization. React Funct Polym 73(1):114–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2012.09.006

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Bourbigot S, Turf T, Bellayer S, Duquesne S (2009) Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane as flame retardant for thermoplastic polyurethane. Polym Degrad Stab 94:1230–1237

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Pellice SA, Fasce DP, Williams RJJ (2003) Properties of epoxy networks derived from the reaction of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes bearing OH-functionalized organic substituents. J Polym Sci B Polym Phys 41:1451–1461 https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.10494

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Matejka L, Strachota A, Plestil J, Whelan P, Steinhart M, Slouf M (2004) Epoxy networks reinforced with polyhedral oligomeric silseqioxanes (POSS). Struct Morphol Macromol 37:9449–9456

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Zhou Z, Cui L, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Yin N (2008) Preparation and properties of POSS grafted polypropylene by reactive blending. Eur Polym J 44:3057–3066

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Waddon A, Zheng L, Farris R, Coughlin EB (2002) Nanostructured polyethylene-POSS copolymers: control of crystallization and aggregation. Nano Lett 2(10):1149–1155. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl020208d

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Turri S, Levi M (2005) Wettability of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane nanostructured polymer surfaces. Macromol Rapid Commun 26:1233–1236

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Tao W, Zhou H, Zhang Y, Li G (2008) Novel silsesquioxane mixture-modified high elongation. polyurethane with reduced platelet adhesion. Appl Surf Sci 254:2831–2836

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Mirchandani G, Waghoo G, Parmar R, Haseebuddin S, Ghosh SK (2009) Oligomeric silsesquioxane reinforced polyurethane with enhanced coating performance. Prog Org Coat 65(4):444–449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2009.03.009

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Lewicki JP, Pielichowski K, Tremblot De La Croix P, Janowski B, Todd D, Liggat JJ (2010) Thermal degradation studies of polyurethane/POSS nanohybrid elastomers. Polym Degrad Stab 95(6):1099–1105

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Ni Y, Zheng S, Nie K (2004) Morphology and thermal properties of inorganic–organic hybrids involving epoxy resin and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes. Polymer 45(16):5557–5568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2004.06.008

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Liu YR, Huang YD, Liu L (2006) Effects of TriSilanolIsobutyl-POSS on thermal stability of methylsilicone resin. Polym Degrad Stab 91(11):2731–2738. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2006.04.031

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Liu YR, Huang YD, Liu L (2007) Thermal stability of POSS/methylsilicone nanocomposites. Comp Sci Tech 67:2864–2876

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Fina A, Monticelli O, Camino G (2010) POSS-based hybrids by melt/reactive blending. J Mater Chem 20:9297–9305. https://doi.org/10.1039/C0JM00480D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Zhao J, Fu Y, Liu S (2008) Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS)-modified thermoplastic and thermosetting nanocomposites: a review. Polym Polym Comp 16(8):483–500

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Chen JH, Yao BX, Su WB Yang YB (2007) Isothermal crystallization behavior of isotactic polypropylene blended with small loading of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane. Polymer 48(6):1756–1769

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Chen JH, Chiou YD (2006) Crystallization behavior and morphological development of isotactic polypropylene blended with nanostructured polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane molecules. J Polym Sci Part B Polym Phys 44:2122–2134

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Joshi M, Butola BS (2004) Studies on nonisothermal crystallization of HDPE/POSS nanocomposites. Polymer 45(14):4953–4968

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Fu BX, Yang L, Somani RH, Zong SX, Hsiao BS, Philips S, Blanski R, Ruth P (2001) Crystallization studiem of isotactic polypropylene containing nanostructured polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane molecules under quiescent and shear conditions. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 39:2727–2739

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Huang JC, He CB, Xiao Y, Mya KY, Dai J, Siow YP (2003) Polyimide/POSS nanocomposites: interfacial, interaction, thermal properties and mechanical properties. Polymer 44:4491–4499

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Fina A, Abbenhuis HCL, Tabuani D, Camino G (2006) Metal functionalized POSS as fire retardants in polypropylene. Polym Degrad Stab 91:2275–2281

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Joshi M, Butola BS, Simon G, Kukaleva N (2006) Rheological and viscoelastic behavior of HDPE/Octamethyl-POSS nanocomposites. Macromolecules 39(5):1839–1849. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma051357w

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Zhou Q, Pramoda KP, Lee JM, Wang K, Loo LS (2011) Role of interface in dispersion and surface energetics of polymer nanocomposites containing hydrophilic POSS and layered silicates. J Colloid Interface Sci 355(1):222–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2010.12.010

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Chen D, Yi S, Fang P, Zhong Y, Huang C, Wu X (2011) Synthesis and characterization of novel room temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubbers using octa[(trimethoxysilyl)ethyl]-POSS as cross-linker. React Funct Polym 71:502–511

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Chen D, Yi S, Wu W, Zhong Y, Liao J, Huang C (2010) Synthesis and characterization of novel room temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubbers using vinyl-POSS derivatives as cross-linking agents. Polymer 51:3867–3878

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Schubert U, Huesing N, Lorenz A (1995) Hybrid inorganic-organic materials by sol-gel processing of organofunctional metal alkoxides. Chem Mater 7(11):2010–2027. https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00059a007

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Joshi M, Butola BS (2004) Polymeric nanocomposites—Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) as hybryd nanofillers. J Macromol Sci Part C Polym Rev 44(4):389–410. https://doi.org/10.1081/MC-200033687

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Phillips S, Haddad T, Tomczak S (2004) Developments in nanoscience: polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-polymers. Curr Opin Solid State Mater Sci 8:21–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.002

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Bhowmick AK, Stephens HL (2001) Handbook of elastomers, 2nd edn. Marcel Dekker Inc, New York

    Google Scholar 

  30. Franta I (ed) Elastomers and rubber compounding materials. Manufacture, properties and applications, ISBN 9780444601186, Elsevier, 2012

    Google Scholar 

  31. Paul DR, Mark JE (2010) Fillers for polysiloxane (‘‘silicone”) elastomers. Prog Polym Sci 35:893–901

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Mark JE, Erman B (2007) Rubber-like elasticity: a molecular primer, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Book  Google Scholar 

  33. Bokobza L (2007) Polymer 48(17):4907–4920

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Payne AR, Whittaker RE (1971) Rubber Chem Technol 44:440

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Waddell WH, Beauregard PA, Evans LR (1995) Tire Technol Int 1995:24

    Google Scholar 

  36. Wang MJ (1999) Rubber Chem Technol 72:430

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Pliskin I, Tokit NJ (1972) Appl Polym Sci 16:173

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. http://carbonblacksales.com/carbon-black-reinforcing-agent/the access date: 30 January 2018

  39. Rattanasom N, Saowapark T, Deeprasertkul C (2007) Reinforcement of natural rubber with silica/carbon black hybrid filler. Polym Testing 26(3):369–377

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Buchanan RA, Weislogel OE, Russell CR, Rist CE (1968) Starch in rubber. Zinc starch xanthate in latex masterbatching. Prod Res Dev 7(2):155–158. https://doi.org/10.1021/i360026a013

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Buchanan RA, Kwolek WF, Katz HC (1971) Die Starke 23:350

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Buchanan RA, Katz HC, Russell CR, Rist CE (1971) Rubber J 10:28

    Google Scholar 

  43. Buchanan RA (1974) Peoria Illinois Die Starke 26(5):165

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Buchanan RA, Doane WM, Russel CR, Kwolek WF (1975) Elastomers Plast 7:95

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Abbott TP, Doane WM, Russell CR (1973) Rubber Age 8:43

    Google Scholar 

  46. Rubber containing starch reinforcement and tire having component thereof. EP1074582 A1 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  47. Farm tire with tread of rubber composition containing starch/plasticizer composite. EP1514900 A1 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Rouilly A, Rigal L, Gilbert RG (2004) Polymer 45:7813

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Wu CS (2005) Macromol Biosci 5:352

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Wang S, Yu J, Yu J (2005) Polym Degrad Stab 87:395

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Patel NK, Pandya PD, Kehariya H, Patel H, Sinha VK (2005) Int J Polym Mater 54:985

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Qi Q et al (2006) Modification of starch for high performance elastomer. Polymer 47:3896–3903

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Gura DV, Sokolova LA, Ovcharov VI, Soroka PI (2015) Assessing the properties of elastomer composites filled with hybrid filler. Int Polym Sci Technol 42(3):T23–T25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Barashkova II, Komova NN, Motyakin MV, Potapov EE, Wasserman AM (2014) Shungite-elastomer interface layers. In: Doklady Physical Chemistry, vol 456. Pleiades Publishing, pp 83–85

    Google Scholar 

  55. Barashkova II et al (2015) EPR Spin Probe Study of Local Mobility at the Shungite/Elastomer Interface. Appl Magn Reson 46(12):1421–1427

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Kornev YuV et al (2013) Investigating the influence of the degree of dispersion of mineral shungite on the properties of elastomeric materials based on butadiene-styrene rubber. Int Polym Sci Technol 40(3):T27–T32

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Donnet JB (2003) Nano and microcomposites of polymers elastomers and their reinforcement. Compos Sci Technol 63(8):1085–1088. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-3538(03)00028-9

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Ponnamma D, Maria HJ, Chandra AK, Thomas S (2013) Rubber Nanocomposites: latest trends and concepts. Adv Elastomers II 12:69–107. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20928-4_3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Thomas S, Maria HJ (eds) Progress in rubber nanocomposites, Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge 2016

    Google Scholar 

  60. De Falco A, Goyanes S, Rubiolo GH, Mondragon I, Marzocca MA (2007) Carbon nanotubes as reinforcement of styrene-butadiene rubber. Appl Surf Sci 254(1):262–265

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Cardoen G, Coughlin EB (2004) Hemi-telechelic polystyrene-POSS copolymers as model systems for the study of well-defined inorganic/organic hybryd materials. Macromolecules 37:5123–5126

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Tan BH, Hussain H, Leong YW, Lin TT, Tjiu WW, He C (2013) Tuning self-assembly of hybrid PLA-P(MA-POSS) block copolymers in solution via stereocomplexation. Polym Chem 4:1250–1259

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Bliznyuk V, Tereshchenko T, Gumenna M, Gomza YP, Shevchuk A, Klimenko N et al (2008) Structure of segmented poly (ether urethane)s containing amino and hydroxyl functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS). Polymer 49:2298–2305

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Kuo SW, Chang FC (2011) POSS related polymer nanocomposites. Prog Polym Sci 36:1649–1696

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Zhang W, Camino G, Yang R (2017) Polymer/polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanocomposites: An overview of fire retardance. Prog Poly Sci 67:77–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2016.09.011

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Laik S, Galy J, Gérard JF, Monti M, Camino G (2016) Fire behaviour and morphology of epoxy matrices designed for composite materials processed by infusion. Polym Degrad Stab 127:44–55

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Rubber compound containing a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes. Pat. US 6852794 B2 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  68. Method for making alkoxy-modified silsesquioxanes. Pat. US 7915368 B2 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  69. Amino alkoxy-modified silsesquioxane and method of preparation. Pat. US 8513371 B2(2013)

    Google Scholar 

  70. Compouding silica-reinforced rubber with low volatile organic compounds (VOC) emission. Pat. US9403969 B2(2016)

    Google Scholar 

  71. Amino alkoxy-modified silsesquioxane adhesives for improved metal adhesion and metal adhesion retention to cured rubber. Pat. US 8794282 B2(2014)

    Google Scholar 

  72. Rubber composition comprising a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane additive. Pat. WO 2006027618 A1(2006)

    Google Scholar 

  73. Zhao Y, Jiang X, Zhang X, Hou L (2017) Toughened elastomer/polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-intercalated rectorite nanocomposites: preparation, microstructure, and mechanical properties. Polym Compos 38:E443–E450. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.23784

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Deng H et al (2012) Quaternized chitosan-layered silicate intercalated composites based nanofibrous mats and their antibacterial activity. Carbohydr Polym 89(2):307–313

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Wang X et al (2010) Preparation and characterization of new quaternized carboxymethyl chitosan/rectorite nanocomposite. Compos Sci Technol 70(7):1161–1167

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Li W et al (2013) Poly(vinyl alcohol)/sodium alginate/layered silicate based nanofibrous mats for bacterial inhibition. Carbohydr Polym 92(2):2232–2238

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Fox DM, Maupin PH, Harris RH Jr, Gilman JW, Eldred DV, Katsoulis D, Trulove PC, De Long HC (2007) Use of a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-imidazolium cation as an organic modifier for montmorillonite. Langmuir 23:7707–7714

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Fox DM, Harris RH Jr, Bellayer S, Gilman JW, Gelfer MY, Hsaio BS, Maupin PH, Trulove PC, De Long HC (2011) The pillaring effect of the 1,2-Dimethyl-3(benzyl ethyl iso-butyl POSS) imidazolium cation in polymer/montmorillonite nanocomposites. Polymer 52:5335–5343

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Wan C, Yu J, Shi X, Huang L (2006) Preparation of poly(propylene carbonate)/organophilic rectorite nanocomposites via direct melt intercalation. Trans Nonferrous Metals Soc Chin 16:s508–s511. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(06)60245-8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  80. Li B, Dong FX, Wang XL, Yang J, Wang DY, Wang YZ (2009) Organically modified rectorite toughened poly(lactic acid): nanostructures, crystallization and mechanical properties. Eur Polym J 45(11):2996–3003. doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2009.08.015

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Ma XY, Liang GZ, Lu HJ, Liu HL, Huang Y (2005) Novel intercalated nanocomposites of polypropylene, organic rectorite, and poly(ethylene octene) elastomer: morphology and mechanical properties. J Appl Polym Sci 97:1907–1914. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.21931

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Ma XY, Liang GZ, Liu HL, Fei JY, Huang Y (2005) Novel intercalated nanocomposites of polypropylene/organic-rectorite/polyethylene-octene elastomer: rheology, crystallization kinetics, and thermal properties. J Appl Polym Sci 97:1915–1921. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.21938

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Zhao L et al (2018) Morphology and thermomechanical properties of natural rubber vulcanizates containing octavinyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane. Compos Part B 139:40–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.11.052

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Tanaka K, Chujo Y (2012) Advanced functional materials based on polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS). J Mater Chem 22(5):1733–1746

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Ghanbari H, Cousins BG, Seifalian AM (2011) A nanocage for nanomedicine: polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS). Macromol Rapid Commun 32(14):1032–1046

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Li YW, Dong XH, Guo K, Wang Z, Chen ZR, Wesdemiotis C et al (2012) Synthesis of shape amphiphiles based on POSS tethered with two symmetric/asymmetric polymer tails via sequential “Grafting-from” and thiol–ene “click” chemistry. ACS Macro Lett 1(7):834–839

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Wei K, Wang L, Li L, Zheng SX (2015) Synthesis and characterization of bead-like poly(Nisopropylacrylamide) with double decker silsesquioxanes in the main chains. Polym Chem 6(2):256–269

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Alvarado-Tenorio B, Romo-Uribe A, Mather PT (2015) Nanoscale order and crystallization in POSS–PCL shape memory molecular networks. Macromolecules 48(16):5770–5779

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Franczyk A, He H, Burdyńska J, Hui C, Matyjaszewski K, Marciniec B (2014) Synthesis of high molecular weight polymethacrylates with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane moieties by atom transfer radical polymerization. ACS Macro Lett 3(8):799–802

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Zhang WA, Muller AHE (2013) Architecture, self-assembly and properties of well-defined hybridpolymers basedonpolyhedraloligomericsilsesquioxane (POSS) Prog Polym Sci 38(8):1121–62

    Google Scholar 

  91. Shockey EG, Bolf AG, Jones PF, Schwab JJ, Chaffee KP, Haddad TS et al (1999) Functionalized polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane (POSS) macromers: new graftable POSS hydride, POSS a-olefin, POSS epoxy, and POSS chlorosilane macromers and POSS-siloxane triblocks. Appl Organomet Chem 13(4):311–327

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Sun DX, Li XJ, Zhang YH, Li YW (2011) Effect of modified nano-silica on the reinforcement of styrene butadiene rubber composites. J Macromol Sci B 50(9):1810–1821

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Chen D, Liu Y, Huang C (2012) Synergistic effect between POSS and fumed silica on thermal stabilities and mechanical properties of room temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubbers. Polym Degrad Stab 97:308–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.12.016

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Shi Y, Huang G, Liu Y, Qu Y, Zhang D, Dang Y (2013) Synthesis and thermal properties of novel room temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubber containing POSS units in polysioxane main chains. J Polym Res 20(9):245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-013-0245-y

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Zhang Y, He J, Yang R (2016) The effects of phosphorus-based flame retardants and octaphenyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane on the ablative and flame-retardation properties of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber insulating composites. Polym Degrad Stab 125:140–147. doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.12.007

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Liu L, Tian M, Zhang W, Zhang LQ, Mark JE (2007) Crystallization and morphology study of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)/polysiloxane elastomer composites prepared by melt blending. Polymer 48:3201–3212

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Meng Y, Wei Z, Liu L, Liu L, Zhang L, Nishi T, Ito K (2013) Significantly improving the thermal stability and dispersion morphology of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane/polysiloxane composites by in-situ grafting re action. Polymer 54:3055–3064

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Chen DZ, Nie JR, Yi SP, Wu WB, Zhong YL, Liao J, Huang C (2010) Thermal behaviour and mechanical properties of novel RTV silicone rubbers using divinyl-hexa[(trimethoxysilyl)ethyl]-POSS as cross-linker. Polym Degrad Stab 95:618–626

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Chen DZ, Liu Y, Huang C (2012) Synergistic effect between POSS and fumed silica on thermal stabilities and mechanical properties of room temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubbers. Polym Degrad Stab 97:308–315

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Sirin H, Kodal M, Karaagac B, Ozkoc G (2016) Effects of octamaleamic acid-POSS used as the adhesion enhancer on the properties of silicone rubber/silica nanocomposites. Composites Part B 98:370–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.05.024

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Stockelhuber KW, Das A, Jurk R, Heinrich G (2010) Contribution of physico-chemical properties of interfaces on dispersibility, adhesion and flocculation of filler particles in rubber. Polymer 51(9):1954–1963

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Dong F, Zhao P, Dou R, Feng S (2018) Amine-functionalized POSS as cross-linkers of polysiloxane containing γ-chloropropyl groups for preparing heat-curable silicone rubber. Mater Chem Phys 208:19–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2018.01.024

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Madsen FB, Yu L, Daugaard AE, Hvilsted S, Skov AL (2015) A new soft di electric silicone elastomer matrix with high mechanical integrity and low losses. RSC Adv 5:10254–10259

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Madsen FB, Yu L, Mazurek P, Skov AL (2016) A simple method for reducing inevitable dielectric loss in high-permittivity dielectric elastomers. Smart Mater Struct 25:075018–075032

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Diao S, Dong FY, Meng J, Ma PQ, Zhao YY, Feng SY (2015) Preparation and properties of heat-curable silicone rubber through chloropropyl/amine crosslinking reactions. Mater Chem Phys 153:161–167

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Dong FY, Diao S, Ma DP, Zhang SY, Feng SY (2015) Preparation and characterization of 3-chloropropyl polysiloxane-based heat-curable silicone rubber using polyamidoamine dendrimers as cross-linkers. React Funct Polym 96:14–20

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Dong FY, Ma DP, Feng SY (2016) Aminopropyl-modified silica as cross-linkers of polysiloxane containing chloropropyl groups for preparing heat-curable silicone rubber. Polym Test 52:124–132

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Choi J, Tamaki R, Kim SG, Laine R (2003) Organic/inorganic imide nanocomposites from aminophenylsilsesquioxanes. Chem Mater 15:3365–3375

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Iyer P, Iyer G, Coleman MC (2010) Gas transport properties of polyimide-POSS nanocomposites. J Membr Sci 358:26–32

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Zhang QH, He H, Xi K, Huang X, Yu XH, Jia XD (2011) Synthesis of N-phenylaminomethyl POSS and its utilization in polyurethane. Macromolecules 44:550–557

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Strąkowska A, Kosmalska A, Zaborski M (2012) Silsesquioxanes as modifying agents of methylvinylsilicone rubber. Mater Sci Forum 714:183–189. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.714.183

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Zaborski M, Strąkowska A, Kosmalska A, Maciejewski H, Michał Dutkiewicz (2013) POSS compounds as modifiers and additives for elastomeric composites. Polimery 58:772–782. https://doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2013.772

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Joshi V, Srividhya M, Dubey M, Ghosh AK, Saxena A (2013) Effect of functionalization on dispersion of POSS-silicone rubber nanocomposites. J Appl Polym Sci 130:92–99. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.39112

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Yang Z, Liu J, Liao R, Yang G, Wu X, Tang Z, Guo B, Zhang L, Ma Y, Nie Q, Wang F (2016) Rational design of covalent interfaces for graphene/elastomer nanocomposites. Compos Sci Technol 132:68–75

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Zhong B, Jia Z, Luo Y, Jia D (2015) A method to improve the mechanical performance of styrene-butadiene rubber via vulcanization accelerator modified silica. Compos Sci Technol 117:46–53

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Rooj S, Das AStockelhuber KW, Wießner S, Fischer D, Reuter U, Heinrich G (2015) Expanded organoclay assisted dispersion and simultaneous structural alterations of multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) clusters In natural rubber. Compos Sci Technol 107:36–43

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Le H, Parsaker M, Sriharish M, Henning S, Menzel M, Wiessner S, Das A, Do Q, Heinrich G, Radusch H (2015) Effect of rubber polarity on selective wetting of carbon nanotubes in ternary blends. Express Polym Lett 9(11):960–971

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Liu Q, Ren W, Zhang Y, Zhang Y (2012) A study on the curing kinetics of epoxycyclohexyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes and hydrogenated carboxylated nitrile rubber by dynamic differential scanning calorimetry. J Appl Polym Sci 123(5):3128–3136

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Liu Q, Ren W, Zhang Y, Zhang Y (2011) Curing reactions and properties of organicinorganic composites from hydrogenated carboxylated nitrile rubber and epoxycyclohexyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes. Polym Int 60(3):422–429

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Konnola R, Nair CPR, Joseph K (2016) Cross-linking of carboxyl-terminated nitrile rubber with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane. J Therm Anal Calorim 123(2):1479–1489

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Sahoo S, Bhowmick AK (2007) Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanoparticles as new crosslinking agent for functionalized rubber. Rubber Chem Technol 80(5):826–837

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Yang S, Fan H, Jiao Y, Cai Z, Zhang P, Li Y (2017) Improvement in mechanical properties of NBR/LiClO4/POSS nanocomposites by constructing a novel network structure. Compos Sci Technol 138:161–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2016.12.003

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Kosmalska A, Strąkowska A, Zaborski M (2012) Properties of POSS/HNBR elastomer nanocomposites. Mater Sci Forum 714:175–181. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.714.175

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Sperling L (2001) Physical polymer science, 3rd edn. Wiley Interscience and Sons Inc, New York

    Google Scholar 

  125. Odian G (2001) Principles of polymerization, 3rd edn. Wiley Interscience and Sons Inc, New York

    Google Scholar 

  126. Drazkowski DB, Lee A, Haddad TS, Cookson DJ (2006) Chemical substituent effects on morphological transitions in styrene − butadiene − styrene triblock copolymer grafted with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes. Macromolecules 39(5):1854–1863

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Fu BX, Lee A, Haddad TS (2004) Styrene − butadiene − styrene triblock copolymers modified with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes. Macromolecules 37(14):5211–5218. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma049753m

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Drazkowski DB, Lee A, Haddad TS (2007) Morphology and phase transitions in styrene − butadiene − styrene triblock copolymer grafted with isobutyl-substituted polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes. Macromolecules 40(8):2798–2805. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma062393d

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Salamore J (1996) Polymeric materials encyclopedia. CRC Press, New York, pp 2264–2271

    Google Scholar 

  130. Seurer B, Coughlin EB (2008) Ethylene–propylene–silsesquioxane thermoplastic elastomers. Macromol Chem Phys 209(12):1198–1209

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Cong C, Cui C, Meng X, Zhou Q (2013) Structure and property of tetrafluoroethylene-propylene elastomer-OVPOSS composites. J Appl Polym Sci 130(2):1281–1288. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.39223

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Cong C, Cui C, Meng X, Zhou Q (2014) Stability of POSS crosslinks and aggregates in tetrafluoroethylene-propylene elastomers/OVPOSS composites exposed to hydrochloric acid solution. Polym Degrad Stab 100:29–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.12.032

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. Kostov GK, Chr PetrovP (1992) Study of synthesis and properties of tetrafluoroethylene-propylene copolymers. J Polym Sci Part A Polym Chem 30:1083–1088

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Aminabhavi TM, Harlapur SF, Balundgi RH, Dale Ortego J (1998) Theoretical and experimental investigations of molecular migration and diffusion kinetics of organic esters into tetrafluoroethylene/propylene copolymer membranes. Can J Chem Eng 76:104–112

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Kulkarni SB, Kariduraganavar MY, Aminabhavi TM (2003) Sorption, diffusion, and permeation of esters, aldehydes, ketones, and aromatic liquids into tetrafluoroethylene/propylene at 30, 40, and 50 °C. J Appl Polym Sci 89(12):3201–3209. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.2376

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Niu M et al (2013) Novel hybrid copolymer by incorporating POSS into hard segments of thermoplastic elastomer SEBS via click coupling reaction. Polymer 54:2658–2667. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2013.02.042

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Zeng QH, Liu QL, Broadwell I, Zhu AM, Xiong Y, Tu XP (2010) Anion-exchange membranes based on quaternized polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene-ran-butylene)-block-polystyrene for direct methanol alkaline fuel cells. J Membr Sci 349:237–243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2009.11.051

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Xu W, Cheng Z, Zhang Z, Zhang L, Zhu X (2011) Modification of SEBS rubber via iron-mediated AGET ATRP in the presence of limited amounts of air. React Funct Polym 71(6):634–640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2011.03.008

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Yadav SK, Mahapatra SS, Cho JW, Lee JY (2010) Functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes with poly(styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene) by click coupling. J Phys Chem C 114(26):11395–11400. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp1028382

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Cao Y, Lai Z, Feng J, Wu P (2011) Graphene oxide sheets covalently functionalized with block copolymers via click chemistry as reinforcing fillers. J Mater Chem 21(25):9271–9278. https://doi.org/10.1039/C1JM10420A

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Allen NS, Edge J, Wilkinson A, Liauw CM, Mourelatou D, Barrio J et al (2001) Degradation and stabilisation of styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene (SEBS) block copolymer. Polym Degrad Stab 71:113–122

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. Allen NS, Luengo C, Edge M, Wilkinson A, Parellada MD, Barrio JA et al (2004) Photooxidation of styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene (SEBS) block copolymer. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 162:41–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1010-6030(03)00311-3

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Darling SB (2007) Directing the self-assembly of block copolymers. Prog Polym Sci 32(10):1152–1204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.05.004

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Shankar R, Krishnan AK, Ghosh TK, Spontak RJ (2008) Triblock copolymer organogels as high performance dielectric elastomers. Macromolecules 41(16):6100–6109. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma071903g

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Ganguly A, Bhowmick AK (2009) Quantification of surface forces of thermoplastic elastomeric nanocomposites based on poly(styrene-ethylene-co-butylene-styrene) and clay by atomic force microscopy. J Appl Polym Sci 111:2104–2115. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.29268

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. Koh K, Sugiyama S, Morinaga T, Ohno K, Tsujii Y, Fukuda T et al (2005) Precision synthesis of a fluorinated polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-terminated polymer and surface characterization of its blend film with poly(methyl methacrylate). Macromolecules 38(4):1264–1270. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma047636l

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. Tuteja A, Choi W, Ma M, Mabry JM, Mazzella SA, Rutledge GC et al (2007) Designing superoleophobic surfaces. Science 318(5856):1618–1622. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1148326

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  148. Spoljaric S, Shanks RA (2012) Novel elastomer dye-functionalised POSS nanocomposites: enhanced colourimetric, thermomechanical and thermal properties. Express Polymer Letters 6(5):354–372. https://doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2012.39

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anna Kosmalska .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Kosmalska, A., Zaborski, M. (2018). Rubbers Reinforced by POSS. In: Kalia, S., Pielichowski, K. (eds) Polymer/POSS Nanocomposites and Hybrid Materials. Springer Series on Polymer and Composite Materials. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02327-0_9

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics