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Genetics and Genomics of Carrot Sugars and Polyacetylenes

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The Carrot Genome

Part of the book series: Compendium of Plant Genomes ((CPG))

Abstract

Carrot root carbohydrates, composed mainly of reducing and non-reducing free sugars, influence flavor, total dissolved solids and dry mater content, all quality traits for fresh-market and processing carrots. In the last decades, important advances have been made in biochemistry, physiology and genetics of carrot sugar metabolism. Several enzymes involved in sucrose metabolism and their corresponding genes have been isolated and functionally characterized, increasing our understanding of their individual roles and of their interactions in complex regulatory systems that influence major plant physiological processes, including partitioning of photo-assimilates, plant growth and storage of different sugar types in the carrot taproot. Polyacetylenes represent a large group of non-volatile lipid compounds produced primarily by members of the Apiaceae family. The major carrot polyacetylenes have been extensively studied with regard to their analytical identification and elucidation of their chemical structures as well as their biological activities, which have revealed numerous health-promoting properties for these compounds. Very recently, with the publication of the carrot genome sequence and related genomic and transcriptomic sequence resources, key genes and enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of carrot polyacetylenes were discovered. In this chapter, advances in genetics and genomics of carrot sugars and polyacetylenes were reviewed and discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Pablo F. Cavagnaro

  2. La Consulta Experimental Station, National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), Ex Ruta 40 Km 96, La Consulta, 5567, Mendoza, Argentina

    Pablo F. Cavagnaro

  3. Horticulture Institute, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, National University of Cuyo, Almirante Brown 500, Lujan de Cuyo, M5528AHB, Mendoza, Argentina

    Pablo F. Cavagnaro

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  1. Vegetable Crops Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI, USA

    Philipp Simon

  2. Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University , Kannapolis, NC, USA

    Massimo Iorizzo

  3. University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland

    Dariusz Grzebelus

  4. Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland

    Rafal Baranski

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Cavagnaro, P.F. (2019). Genetics and Genomics of Carrot Sugars and Polyacetylenes. In: Simon, P., Iorizzo, M., Grzebelus, D., Baranski, R. (eds) The Carrot Genome. Compendium of Plant Genomes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03389-7_17

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