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Detached Seaweeds as Important Dispersal Agents Across the Southern Ocean

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Antarctic Seaweeds

Abstract

After detachment from their substratum, many seaweeds can float or drift at the mercy of currents and winds, thereby facilitating their dispersal and connectivity. In Antarctica only one species possess floating structures (gas-filled vesicles), the brown seaweed Cystosphaera jacquinotti. However, other species such as Durvillaea antarctica and Macrocystis pyrifera that form abundant forests around the sub-Antarctic islands can also remain at the sea surface once detached, providing a potential dispersal mechanism not only for the seaweeds but also for the associated biota. Additionally, recent reports indicate that floating D. antarctica can reach the Antarctic continent from sub-Antarctic regions. Herein, we collect information about floating and drifting seaweeds in Antarctica, but also their biology, physiology, and distribution within the sub-Antarctic sources. Up to now, only a few species have been recorded floating in Antarctica, and mainly during the first Antartic explorations. So far, most of the studies on detached seaweeds only highlight their importance, when already stranded and serving as carbon sources for benthic communities. However, some seaweed species are able to handle present sea surface conditions in Antarctica and thus in the future when higher temperatures, less ice and more available substrate are available, they might be able to frequently travel and colonize this region, thereby representing an important dispersal mode.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the editors for inviting us to contribute to this review. Financial support was received through Fondap-IDEAL grant 15150003 to ECM and FONDECYT grant 1131023 to FT and ECM, CONICYT PAI (Chile) 79160069 to FT.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Estudios Algales (ALGALAB), Departamento de Oceanografía, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile

    Erasmo C. Macaya

  2. Millennium Nucleus Ecology and Sustainable Management of Oceanic Island (ESMOI), Coquimbo, Chile

    Erasmo C. Macaya & Iván A. Hinojosa

  3. Research Center Dynamics of High Latitude Marine Ecosystems (IDEAL), Valdivia, Chile

    Erasmo C. Macaya

  4. Departamento de Biología Marina, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile

    Fadia Tala

  5. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Algas, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte (CIDTA-UCN), Coquimbo, Chile

    Fadia Tala

  6. Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias y Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile

    Iván A. Hinojosa

  7. Centro de Investigaciones Costeras - Universidad de Atacama (CIC - UDA), Avenida Copayapu 485, Copiapó, Chile

    Eva Rothäusler

Authors
  1. Erasmo C. Macaya
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  2. Fadia Tala
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  3. Iván A. Hinojosa
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  4. Eva Rothäusler
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Erasmo C. Macaya .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Austral de Chile, Research Center Dynamics of High Latitude Marine Ecosystems, (IDEAL) Valdivia, Chile, Valdivia, Chile

    Iván Gómez

  2. Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile

    Pirjo Huovinen

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Macaya, E.C., Tala, F., Hinojosa, I.A., Rothäusler, E. (2020). Detached Seaweeds as Important Dispersal Agents Across the Southern Ocean. In: Gómez, I., Huovinen, P. (eds) Antarctic Seaweeds. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39448-6_4

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