Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic resistance and in particular multi drug resistance is of great threat to human health worldwide. Amid the ongoing efforts to search for novel antibacterial agents as alternatives to conventional antibiotics, researchers have intensively explored the potency of various antibacterial compounds derived from plant sources. In this chapter, we have summarised recent findings on five groups of plant natural products, namely flavonoids, phenolic acids, peptides, essential oils, and honey, as antibacterial agents. Research to date has demonstrated their effectiveness in combating various bacterial pathogens, including antibiotic resistant strains. These natural products exert their inhibitory effects through diverse mechanisms, for instance, perturbation of bacterial membrane integrity, inhibition of intracellular metabolism, in addition to interfering with quorum sensing and biofilm formation. Synergism between the aforementioned plant natural products and conventional antibiotics was established. Flavonoids and phenolic acids with superior inhibitory effects against human pathogenic bacteria, including relatively detailed understanding of their modes of action, have been documented.
Understanding of how endogenous plant peptides and protein hydrolysate-derived peptides of diverse structural complexities interact with the bacterial cell surface and exert their effects also continue to emerge. The potency of essential oils as in vivo antibacterial agents was established in poultry and rat models. Notably, clinical studies have provided evidence that honey is an effective anti infective agent in the human body. Overall, the aforementioned plant natural products are not only potential alternatives to conventional antibiotics in the treatment of multi drug resistant bacterial infections, they are also promising candidates for future development of combination treatments with antibiotics.
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Ng, WJ., Shit, CS., Ee, KY., Chai, TT. (2021). Plant Natural Products for Mitigation of Antibiotic Resistance. In: Panwar, H., Sharma, C., Lichtfouse, E. (eds) Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 49. Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, vol 49. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58259-3_3
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