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Mechanical View on the Mitochondria

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Cellular Mechanics and Biophysics

Part of the book series: Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering ((BIOMEDICAL))

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Abstract

This chapter presents the cytoplasm and the contained organelles from a biomechanical point of view. Thereby, the entire cell is treated as gel with associated physical features. General physical principles are applied on cells at a mesoscopic length scale. However, on a submesoscopic scale, the mechanical properties of organelles, such as mitochondria, contribute to the overall mechanical properties of the cell. A cell may even respond to the applied mechanical stress by regulating the fusion of fission of the mitochondria. Hence, mitochondria seem to fulfill a key role in mechanotransduction processes in cells. In this chapter, it is firstly described how mechanical factors regulate the structure and function of mitochondria. Secondly, it is presented how the structures of mitochondria impact ATP production and the formation of mitochondrial clusters is described. Thirdly, the properties of such mitochondrial networks are discussed in detail. Fourthly, interaction between the mitochondria and cytoskeletal microenvironment, such as actin filaments, microtubules and intermediate filaments, is highlighted. Fifthly, the mechanobiological aspects of the structure and function of mitochondria are discussed. Finally, it is enlightened how mitochondria are predestinated for providing a mechanical response to external mechanical perturbations.

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  1. Faculty of Physics and Earth Sciences, Peter Debye Institute for Soft Matter Physics, Biological Physics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

    Claudia Tanja Mierke

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Mierke, C.T. (2020). Mechanical View on the Mitochondria. In: Cellular Mechanics and Biophysics. Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58532-7_6

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