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Pain Management for Ruminants During Common Farm Husbandry Procedures

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Advances in Animal Health, Medicine and Production

Abstract

Pain in farm animals usually results from injury or disease and is sometimes caused by humans, particularly during husbandry procedures. Chronic pain, and to a lesser extent acute pain, are major causes of poor welfare in production animals. Ethical, economical and marketing reasons demand the best practices in pain management and for this scientific evidence is crucial. Alleviation of pain during and after common farm operations is challenging due to several constraints, including time, cost, safety and public health issues. For example, the most efficient drugs may not be allowed in food producing animals (e.g. opioids) and reduced practicality may exclude others (e.g. general anaesthesia).

Studies on disbudding, dehorning, castration, calving and lameness, have shown that topical or local anaesthesia, preferably accompanied by use of NSAID analgesia, will reduce pain during and after many of these procedures. CIISA and its research partners from many countries have conducted studies on these painful situations, contributing to the improvement of farm animal welfare. In order to ensure that they are fully observed, pain management protocols should be effective, practicable, affordable and safe. If they do not fulfil all of these criteria, the result is likely to be that farmers will undertake little pain management. On the other hand, animal producers need to recognize that consumer demands for improved animal welfare includes real pain control.

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Acknowledgements

The studies above described received funding from: CIISA through project FCT UIDP/CVT/00276/2020: CIISA PhD Project 73-dor bovinos (2004-2009) and internal MIMV-CIISA projects; Animal Welfare Indicators (AWIN) project (FP7-KBBE-2010-4-266213) received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme.

We wish to acknowledge also pharmaceutical companies for supplying drugs used in some of the trials, namely Zoetis, Bayer, Merial and Animal Ethics Pty Ltd (Australia).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Animal Behaviour and Welfare Research Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

    G. Stilwell

  2. Institute of Veterinary, Animal, Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand

    G. Stilwell

  3. Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia

    P. Windsor

  4. St Catharine’s College, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, UK

    D. M. Broom

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  1. G. Stilwell
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  2. P. Windsor
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  3. D. M. Broom
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Correspondence to G. Stilwell .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

    Antonio Freitas Duarte

  2. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

    Luís Lopes da Costa

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Stilwell, G., Windsor, P., Broom, D.M. (2020). Pain Management for Ruminants During Common Farm Husbandry Procedures. In: Freitas Duarte, A., Lopes da Costa, L. (eds) Advances in Animal Health, Medicine and Production . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61981-7_2

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