Skip to main content

Transparent Player Model: Adaptive Visualization of Learner Model in Educational Games

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Innovative Technologies and Learning (ICITL 2020)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNISA,volume 12555))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Despite the success of Learning Analytics (LA), there are two obstacles to its application in educational games, including transparency in assessing educational outcomes in real-time gameplay, and clarity in representing those results to players. Open learner model (OLM) is a valuable instrument with capability to improve learning that meets such challenges. However, OLMs usually suffer issues concerning interactivity and transparency, which mostly regard the assessment mechanism that is used to evaluate learners’ knowledge. Tackling down transparency issues would offer context for interpreting and comparing learner model information, as well as promoting interactivity. As there is lack of studies investigating the potential of OLMs in educational games, we argue that this work can provide a valuable starting point for applying OLMs or adaptive visualizations of players’ learner models within gameplay sessions, which, in turn, can help to address both issues of application of LA to game research and OLMs. As a case study, we introduce the proposed approach into our adaptive computational thinking game.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Steiner, C.M., Kickmeier-Rus, M.D., Albert, D.: Making sense of game-based user data: learning analytics in applied games. In: International Association for Development of the Information Society, pp. 21–24 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  2. El Mawas, N., Hooshyar, D., Yang, Y.: Investigating the learning impact of autothinking educational game on adults: a case study of France. In: CSEDU (2), pp. 188–196 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Partovi, T., Razavi, M.R.: The effect of game-based learning on academic achievement motivation of elementary school students. Learn. Motiv. 68, 101592 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Zhonggen, Yu.: A meta-analysis of use of serious games in education over a decade. Int. J. Comput. Games Technol. 2019, 1–8 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Hooshyar, D., Yousefi, M., Lim, H.: Data-driven approaches to game player modeling: a systematic literature review. ACM Comput. Surv. (CSUR) 50(6), 1–19 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Van Eck, R.: Digital game-based learning: It’s not just the digital natives who are restless. EDUCAUSE Rev. 41(2), 16 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Westera, W., Nadolski, R.J., Hummel, H.G.K., Wopereis, I.G.J.H.: Serious games for higher education: a framework for reducing design complexity. J. Comput. Assist. Learn. 24(5), 420–432 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Hauge, J.B., et al.: Implications of learning analytics for serious game design. In: 14th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, pp. 230–232. IEEE (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Daniel, B.K.: Big data and Learning Analytics in Higher Education. Springer, New York (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Hooshyar, D., Pedaste, M., Saks, K., Leijen, Ä., Bardone, E., Wang, M.: Open learner models in supporting self-regulated learning in higher education: a systematic literature review. Comput. Educ. 154, 103878 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Hooshyar, D., Kori, K., Pedaste, M., Bardone, E.: The potential of open learner models to promote active thinking by enhancing self-regulated learning in online higher education learning environments. Br. J. Edu. Technol. 50(5), 2365–2386 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Westera, W., Nadolski, R., Hummel, H.: Serious gaming analytics: What students log files tell us about gaming and learning (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Serrano-Laguna, Á., Torrente, J., Moreno-Ger, P., Fernández-Manjón, B.: Tracing a little for big improvements: application of learning analytics and videogames for student assessment. Procedia Comput. Sci. 15, 203–209 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Serrano-Laguna, Á., Torrente, J., Moreno-Ger, P., Fernández-Manjón, B.: Application of learning analytics in educational videogames. Entertainment Comput. 5(4), 313–322 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Shute, V.J., Ventura, M., Bauer, M., Zapata-Rivera, D.: Melding the power of serious games and embedded assessment to monitor and foster learning. Serious Games: Mech. Effects 2, 295–321 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Kickmeier-Rust, M.D., Albert, D.: Micro-adaptivity: protecting immersion in didactically adaptive digital educational games. J. Comput. Assist. Learn. 26(2), 95–105 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Vieira, C., Parsons, P., Byrd, V.: Visual learning analytics of educational data: a systematic literature review and research agenda. Comput. Educ. 122, 119–135 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Kay, J., Bull, S.: New opportunities with open learner models and visual learning analytics. In: Conati, C., Heffernan, N., Mitrovic, A., Verdejo, M.F. (eds.) AIED 2015. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 9112, pp. 666–669. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19773-9_87

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  19. Self, J.A.: Bypassing the intractable problem of student modelling. Intelligent tutoring systems: at the crossroads of artificial intelligence and education, vol. 41, pp. 1–26 (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Van Labeke, N., Brna, P., Morales, R.: Opening up the interpretation process in an open learner model. Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ. 17(3), 305–338 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Ginon, B., Boscolo, C., Johnson, M.D., Bull, S.: Persuading an Open learner model in the context of a university course: an exploratory study. In: Micarelli, A., Stamper, J., Panourgia, K. (eds.) ITS 2016. LNCS, vol. 9684, pp. 307–313. Springer, Cham (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39583-8_34

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  22. Johan, R., Bull, S.: Consultation of misconceptions representations by students in education-related courses. In: AIED, pp. 565–572 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Bull, S., McKay, M.: An open learner model for children and teachers: inspecting knowledge level of individuals and peers. In: Lester, J.C., Vicari, R.M., Paraguaçu, F. (eds.) ITS 2004. LNCS, vol. 3220, pp. 646–655. Springer, Heidelberg (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30139-4_61

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  24. Suleman, R.M., Mizoguchi, R., Ikeda, M.: A new perspective of negotiation-based dialog to enhance metacognitive skills in the context of open learner models. Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ. 26(4), 1069–1115 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Minović, M., Milovanović, M., Šošević, U., González, M.Á.C.: Visualisation of student learning model in serious games. Comput. Hum. Behav. 47, 98–107 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Hooshyar, D., Lim, H., Pedaste, M., Yang, K., Fathi, M., Yang, Y.: AutoThinking: an adaptive computational thinking game. In: Rønningsbakk, L., Wu, T.-T., Sandnes, F.E., Huang, Y.-M. (eds.) ICITL 2019. LNCS, vol. 11937, pp. 381–391. Springer, Cham (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35343-8_41

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  27. Chen, Z.-H., Chou, C.-Y., Deng, Y.-C., Chan, T.-W.: Active open learner models as animal companions: motivating children to learn through interacting with My-Pet and Our-Pet. Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ. 17(2), 145–167 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the University of Tartu ASTRA Project PER ASPERA, financed by the European Regional Development Fund.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Danial Hooshyar .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Hooshyar, D., Bardone, E., Mawas, N.E., Yang, Y. (2020). Transparent Player Model: Adaptive Visualization of Learner Model in Educational Games. In: Huang, TC., Wu, TT., Barroso, J., Sandnes, F.E., Martins, P., Huang, YM. (eds) Innovative Technologies and Learning. ICITL 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12555. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63885-6_39

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63885-6_39

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-63884-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-63885-6

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics