Doing Versus Observing: Virtual Reality and 360-Degree Video for Training Manufacturing Tasks

Abstract

Virtual reality is increasingly used for training workers manufacturing processes in a low-risk, realistic practice environment. Elements of the manufacturing process may be time-consuming or costly to implement accurately in simulation. The use of 360-degree video on its own or combined with interactive elements can bridge the gap between affordable VR capabilities and requirements for effective training. This paper discusses use of 360-degree video to create “learning by observing” and “learning by doing” VR training modules. The “learning by doing” module addresses work task training entirely with 360-degree videos embedded in an interactive training environment. In the “learning by doing” module, a hybrid approach successfully leverages 360-degree video to show complex task processes while implementing fully interactive elements when it was cost-effective to do so. Participants suggest “learning by observing” is effective while “learning by doing” is more engaging.