Abstract
Laser surface hardening is one of the most advanced surface modification techniques to increase the wear resistance of large-sized and complexly shaped metal products. In this study, the laser transformation hardening process for the high-quality surface treatment of the steel products is applied using a high-power disc laser with extremely good beam quality and three-dimensional (3D) scanning optics. The shaft AISI 1066 steel part was selectively processed by the robot-based laser hardening system to increase the surface hardness. At the same time, such a computer numerical control (CNC) laser system is ideal for remote surface treatment of complexly shaped metal products. The experimental tests with a solid-state disc laser of a maximum power of 5.3 kW were performed with a constant power strategy. Both plane and cylindrical areas on the shaft were hardened and compared. The results showed that the hardness values on the plane surfaces correlate well with the hardness values on the cylindrical surfaces. The hardening intensity was about 2.5 times higher than that of the unhardened carbon steel shaft.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Vollertsen, F., Partes, K., Meijer, J.: State of the art of laser hardening and cladding. In: Proc. Materials of Third Int. WLT-Conf. Lasers in Manuf., pp. 783–792 (2005)
Montealegre, M.A., Castro, G., Rey, P., Arias, J.L., Vázquez, P., González, M.: Surface treatments by laser technology. Contemp. Mater. I–1, 19–30 (2010)
Dinesh Babu, P., Balasubramanian, K.R., Buvanashekaran, G.: Laser surface hardening: a review. Int. J. Surf. Sci. Eng. 5, 131–151 (2011)
Li, R., Jin, Y., Li, Z., Qi, K.: A comparative study of high-power diode laser and CO2 laser surface hardening of AISI 1045 steel. J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 23(9), 3085–3091 (2014)
Lee, K.-H., Choi, S.-W., Yoon, T.-J., Kang, C.-Y.: Microstructure and hardness of surface melting hardened zone of mold steel, SM45C using Yb:YAG disk laser. J. Weld. Join. 34(1), 75–81 (2016)
Martínez, S., Lesyk, D., Lamikiz, A., Ukar, E., Dzhemelinsky, V.: Hardness simulation of over-tempered area during laser hardening treatment. Phys. Procedia 83, 1357–1366 (2016)
Santhanakrishnan, S., Kong, F., Kovacevic, R.: An experimentally based thermo-kinetic phase transformation model for multi-pass laser heat treatment by using high power direct diode laser. The Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 64(1–4), 219–238 (2013)
Lesyk, D., Martinez, S., Mordyuk, B., Dzhemelinskyi, V., Danyleiko, O.: Effects of the combined laser-ultrasonic surface hardening induced microstructure and phase state on mechanical properties of AISI D2 tool steel. In: Ivanov, V., Trojanowska, J., Machado, J., Liaposhchenko, O., Zajac, J., Pavlenko, I., Edl, M., Perakovic, D. (eds.) DSMIE 2019. LNME, pp. 188–198. Springer, Cham (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22365-6_19
Kennedy, E., Byrne, G., Collins, D.N.: A review of the use of high power diode lasers in surface hardening. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 155–156, 1855–1860 (2004)
Chen, C., Zeng, X., Wang, Q., Lian, G., Huang, X., Wang, Y.: Statistical modelling and optimization of microhardness transition through depth of laser surface hardened AISI 1045 carbon steel. Opt. Laser Technol. 124, 105976 (2020)
Park, C., Kim, J., Sim, A., Sohn, H., Jang, H., Chun, E.-J.: Influence of diode laser heat treatment and wear conditions on the fretting wear behavior of a mold steel. Wear 434–435, 202961 (2019)
Lei, S., Liu, Q.K., Liu, Y.P., Li, H.: Wear behavior of laser-hardened GCr15 steel under lubricated sliding conditions. Materials Science Forum 628–629, 697–702 (2009)
Pellizzari, M., De Flora, M.G.: Influence of laser hardening on the tribological properties of forged steel for hot rolls. Wear 271(9–10), 2402–2411 (2011)
Orazi, L.: Experimental investigation on a novel approach for laser surface hardening modelling. Int. J. Mech. Mater. Eng. 16(2), 1–10 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40712-020-00124-0
Hagino, H., Shimizu, S., Ando, H., Kikuta, H.: Design of a computer-generated hologram for obtaining a uniform hardened profile by laser transformation hardening with a high-power diode laser. Precis. Eng. 34(3), 446–452 (2010)
Tarchoun, B., El Ouafi, A., Chebak, A.: Experimental investigation of laser surface hardening of AISI 4340 steel using different laser scanning patterns. J. Mineral. Mater. Charact. Eng. 8, 9–26 (2020)
Hruška, M., Vostřák, M., Smazalová, E., Svantner, M.: 3D scanning laser hardening. In: Proc. Materials of the 23rd Int. Conf.: Metal. Mater., Metal 2014, pp. 921–926. (2014)
Schuocker, D., Aichinger, J., Majer, R., Spitzer, O., Rau, A., Harrer, Th.: Improved laser hardening process with temperature control avoiding surface degradation. In: Proc. Materials of the 8th Int. Conf. on Photonic Technol., LANE 2014, pp. 1–5. (2014)
Hruška, M., Vostřák, M., Smazalová, E., Švantner, M.: Standard and scanning laser hardening procedure. In: Proc. Materials of the 22nd Int. Conf.: Metal. Mater., Metal 2013. (2013)
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic and the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (Project No. 0122U002389).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Lesyk, D., Hruska, M., Dzhemelinkyi, V., Danyleiko, O., Honner, M. (2022). Selective Surface Modification of Complexly Shaped Steel Parts by Robot-Assisted 3D Scanning Laser Hardening System. In: Karabegović, I., Kovačević, A., Mandžuka, S. (eds) New Technologies, Development and Application V. NT 2022. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 472. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05230-9_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05230-9_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-05229-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-05230-9
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)