Abstract
Off-board information, provided through V2X systems, can make a crucial difference in safety and efficiency of autonomous driving functions, particularly, in complex scenarios where on-board sensors can be impaired (e.g., by occlusions). However, such solutions must be secured against potential cyber security threats. While generic solutions, e.g., encryption and authentication, can help to some extent to mitigate such threats, each autonomous function, e.g., platooning, overtaking, highway merging, etc., must be separately analysed from cyber security perspective, because it uses on- and off-board information in a unique way. This paper considers a V2X-assisted autonomous merging function, where off-board information is used to enhance the autonomous vehicle view of the environment, which is crucial for safe and efficient merging but cannot be often reliably observed by on-board sensors. We consider a generic reference architecture (RA) that abstractly models a V2X-assisted merging function that fuses off-board radar and camera sensors with the vehicle’s on-board sensors. A bespoke threat analysis model is adopted, and an attack tree is devised to help analyse threats to the off-board system components. We also discuss potential mitigation strategies for the underlying system RA within the context of the subject V2X-assisted merging function.
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Acknowledgements
This work was partly funded by UK Research and Innovation through INNOVATE UK in project AutopleX (project reference 104272) and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme in project L3Pilot under grant agreement No 723051. The sole responsibility of this publication lies with the authors. The authors would like to thank all partners within AutopleX and L3Pilot for their cooperation and valuable contribution.
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Chen, C., Atmaca, U.I., Koufos, K., Dianati, M., Maple, C. (2023). Analysing Cyber Attacks and Risks in V2X-Assisted Autonomous Highway Merging. In: Daimi, K., Alsadoon, A., Peoples, C., El Madhoun, N. (eds) Emerging Trends in Cybersecurity Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09640-2_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09640-2_9
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